上古汉语方所介词“在”的对比研究——以《今文尚书》、甲骨文和金文为例  

Contrastive Study on Positional Preposition zai(在) in Ancient Chinese Language——Examples from the Book of History(《今文尚书》),Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Bronze Inscriptions

作　　者：郑继娥 ZHENG Ji’e

机构地区：[1]山西大学国际教育交流学院

出　　处：《汉字汉语研究》2019年第1期86-98,128,共14页The Study Of Chinese Characters And Language

摘　　要：根据"在"字词组与谓语中心语动词的相对位置,《今文尚书》、甲骨文、金文中介词"在"表方所的辞例,可分"在+宾+VP""VP+在+宾""在+宾+NP"三类进行定量对比分析。通过对比"在"字的宾语、所修饰和补充的谓语中心语成分以及定语中心语成分可知,"在"字方所结构的语法功能、位置是相同的,但"在"字的宾语在甲骨文中最具体;句中谓语中心动词语义各有特点,据此可以看出上古汉语"在"表方所结构的传承和发展变化。This paper contrasts positional preposition zai(在)phrases in oracle bone inscriptions,bronze inscriptions and the Book of History(《今文尚书》).According to the relative positions of zai(在)phrases and the predicate central verbs,there are three structures:zai(在)+O+VP,VP+zai(在)+O and zai(在)+O+NP.It is found that the grammatical functions and positions of the zai(在)phrases are same by comparing the objects of zai(在)with the modifying and supplemental components of their predicate center words and attributive center words,but their objects are most specifi c in the oracle bones inscriptions,and the semantic meanings of most central verbs of the predicate have their own characteristics,accordingly we could see the inheritance and development of the structures of positional preposition zai(在)in ancient Chinese.

关 键 词：方所介词 在 今文尚书 甲骨文 金文 

分 类 号：H141[语言文字—汉语] K877[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]