一株亚硝酸盐降解菌的分离鉴定及其降解特性  

Isolation, identification and degradation characteristics of a nitrite-degrading strain

作　　者：刘玉廷 刘文舒 杨天俊 郭小泽[2] 陈彦良[2] 唐艳强[2] 肖海红[2] 黎德兵[1] 李思明[2] LIU Yuting;LIU Wenshu;YANG Tianjun;GUO Xiaoze;CHEN Yanliang;TANG Yanqiang;XIAO Haihong;LI Debing;LI Siming(Institute of Animal Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院,四川成都611130 [2]江西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《水产学报》2019年第4期1171-1180,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31660743);江西省青年科学基金(20171BAB214015);江西省特种水产产业技术体系专项(JXARS-10);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCX2015004-09;JXXTCX2015001-01)~~

摘　　要：为获得高效降解亚硝酸盐菌,从鄱阳湖水域筛选出1株新型反硝化细菌,命名为X10。本实验对菌株进行16S rDNA基因序列分析,构建系统发育树并结合生化指标对该菌株进行鉴定;研究了亚硝酸盐浓度、pH值、温度、接种量对其生长及脱氮能力的影响,以及菌株对养殖水体中亚硝酸盐氮的降解能力。结果显示,X10鉴定为木糖氧化无色杆菌;温度30°C、pH 7.0、接种量3%,经48 h培养后菌株对筛选培养基中亚硝酸盐(浓度300 mg/L)的降解率最高,达99.8%;将该菌液(2×10~8 CFU/mL)按1%的接种量加入人工养殖池塘水中(亚硝酸盐质量浓度为0.45 mg/L,pH为6.7),28°C水温下经96 h后亚硝酸盐降解率达82.6%;安全性评价实验显示,X10菌落周围无溶血现象,并且高浓度菌液(5×10~8 CFU/mL)对斑马鱼无致死作用。研究表明X10在水产养殖中具有较好的应用前景。In this paper,a new and highly efficient denitrifying bacterium strain from Poyang Lake was screened and named X10.The physiological and biochemical characteristics,16S rDNA gene sequence analysis,and the effects of nitrite concentration,pH value,temperature and inoculum size on the growth and nitrogen removal ability of the strain were researched.Meanwhile,the nitrite degradation capacity of X10 in aquaculture water was also studied.The results showed that the strain X10 was identified as Acinetobacter xylosoxidans.The optimal incubation conditions for the aerobic denitrifying strain X10 were:pH,7.0;inoculation size,3%;temperature,30℃;nitrite concentration,300 mg/L.Under this circumstance,the degradum rate of nitrite reached peak after 48 h,up to 99.8%.When X10 bacteria(2×10^8 CFU/mL)were added into cultured pond water(28℃),the degradation rate of nitrite was 82.6%after 96 h.The safety evaluation test showed that the high concentration of X10(5×10^8 CFU/mL)had no lethal effect on Danio rerio and no hemolysis was found.These results indicated that X10 can be applied widely in aquaculture.

关 键 词：木糖氧化无色杆菌 菌株筛选 亚硝酸盐 水产养殖 

分 类 号：Q938.8[生物学—微生物学] S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]