医学研究中的抽样方法  

Sampling methods in clinical research

作　　者：杨帆[1] 郭强 何兴华[2] YANG Fan;GUO Qiang;HE Xinghua(Statistics Department , Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China;Editorial Department of Medical J our nal o f West China , Chengdu 610041, China)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院第二临床医学院.南充市中心医院病案统计科,四川南充637000 [2]西部医学编辑部,四川成都610041

出　　处：《西部医学》2019年第4期653-656,共4页Medical Journal of West China

基　　金：四川省卫计委科研课题(18PJ577);川北医学院2017年校级科研发展计划项目(CBY17-B-YB23)

摘　　要：在医学研究中,通常由于研究对象的个体数量众多,不可能全部纳入研究,因此采用的抽样方法是从研究总体中随机抽取若干样本进行研究,然后将研究结果再外推至总体。本文针对医学研究中的抽样问题,系统讲述了常用的几种抽样方法、样本量的估计,以及各种方法的适用范围和优缺点,并对各抽样方法进行了案例分析。本文通过对常用抽样方法的介绍,可为临床研究者在研究中如何抽取研究样本提供参考。In medical research, because the number of individuals in the study is usually large, it’s impossible to fully include them in the study. Instead, a sample method is used to randomly select a number of samples from the study population for research, and then the study results are extrapolated to the population. In this paper, we aimed at sampling problems in medical research, systematically describe several commonly used sampling methods and estimation of sample size, and the scope, advantages and disadvantages of various methods. Finally, we conduct case analysis of each sampling method for clinical researchers. Through the introduction of commonly used sampling methods, it provides a reference for clinical researchers to extract research samples in the research.

关 键 词：医学研究 抽样方法 样本量 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]