中国马铃薯单倍体诱导进展  

Progress in Potato Haploid Induction in China

作　　者：罗杰 唐唯[1] 李灿辉[1] LUO Jie;TANG Wei;LI Canhui(College of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学生命科学学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2019年第2期114-118,共5页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：云南省科技厅高端人才引进计划(2013HA025);国家自然科学基金(31660503)

摘　　要：马铃薯产量、品质、加工等方面都较其他作物有更大的提升空间,但由于四倍体马铃薯存在遗传基础狭窄且复杂、难以创新等诸多问题阻碍了相关研究的深入开展。利用马铃薯单倍体或双单倍体植株有望解决上述诸多难题。马铃薯单倍体具有加速育种过程、提高选择效率等优点。马铃薯单倍体的获得包括花药培养、花粉培养、孤雌生殖、子房培养。其中,花药培养因更易取材,并且得到胚性细胞团、愈伤组织或胚状体的几率更大等优点而研究最为广泛。获得单倍体植株的成功率与试验材料的基因型、培养条件、培养基添加物等诸多因素相关。根据不同的诱导方法简要阐述了中国马铃薯单倍体研究的历史及进展。Potato has more room for improvement of yield, quality and processing than other crops. However, due to its narrow and complex genetic background of tetraploid chromosome, innovation and further development are extremely delayed. Using haploid or dihaploid potato could shoot these problems. Potato haploid has the advantages of accelerating breeding process and improving selection efficiency. Main methods of haploid induction in potato include anther culture, pollen culture, parthenogenesis and ovary culture. Due to the advantages of easier acquirement to plant materials and higher probability of obtaining embryogenic cell, callus or embryoid, the anther culture is the most extensively choice among these methods. The success rate of obtaining haploid potato is dependent on many factors, such as the genotype of planting materials, culture conditions and culture medium additives. This review aims to describe haploid potato induction history and progress made in China.

关 键 词：马铃薯 单倍体诱导 花药培养 花粉培养 孤雌生殖 子房培养 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]