近视儿童首次配镜2年后屈光度变化的研究  

Clinical study of refractive changes of children with myopia between first receiving their prescription glasses and revisits 2 years later

作　　者：李造兰 关威 赵可浩 陆文秀 王文萃 雷红 Li Zao-lan;Guan Wei;Zhao Ke-hao(Department of ophthalmology, Beijing Xinli EyeClinic, Beijing 100027, China)

机构地区：[1]北京新力眼科,100027

出　　处：《中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志》2019年第1期26-28,共3页Chinese Journal of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的探讨近视儿童首次配镜时球镜和柱镜屈光度的特征以及随访2年后屈光度的变化趋势。方法收集2011年至2015年首次配镜的近视儿童51例(102眼),且于2年后再次复验。比较首次就诊及2年后近视球镜度数、柱镜度数、角膜散光、角膜曲率的变化。结果近视儿童首次配镜时低度、中度及高度近视构成比分别为70.5%、27.5%及2.0%, 2年后分别为44.1%、50.0%及5.9%;首次就诊与2年后近视球镜度数分别为-2.21±1.64D、-3.36±1.68D (t=13.576,P=0.000), 2年球镜度数进展-1.15±0.85D;首次就诊与2年后柱镜度数分别为-0.67±0.73D、-0.88±0.72D (t=5. 885, P=0.000), 2年柱镜度数进展-0.21±0.36D;首次就诊与2年后角膜散光度数分别为1.19±0.55D、1.28±0.62D(t=2.598, P=0.011),角膜散光2年进展0.09±0.36D。结论近视儿童在首次配镜后2年球镜度数有明显进展,柱镜度数有小幅度进展;柱镜度数的进展可能来源于角膜散光的增加。Objective To investigate the changes of spherical refractive error and cylindrical refractive error in children with myopia between first receiving prescription glasses and two years after their first prescription. Methods 51 children ( 102 eyes) with myopia received their first refractive examination and were followed up with 2 years later. The diopter of spherical refractive error, cylindrical refractive error, corneal astigmatism and corneal curvature were compared between the first visit and the appointment 2 years after. Results Upon first examination, low myopia, moderate myopia and high myopia accounted for 70. 5%, 27. 5% and 2. 0% respectively among all visitors, and the proportions changed to 44. 1%, 50. 0% and 5. 9% respectively 2 years later. Over the same period of time, the diopter of spherical refractive error changed from -2. 21 ± 1.64D for the first visit and to -3. 36± 1. 68D 2 years later (￡= 13. 576, P = 0. 000);the spherical refractive error increased by -1. 15±0. 85D;the diopter of the cylindrical refractive error was -0. 67±0. 73D for the first visit and became -0. 88±0. 72D (/= 5. 885, P= 0. 000);the cylindrical refractive error increased by -0. 21±0. 36D. The diopter of corneal astigmatism was 1. 19±0. 55D for the first visit and changed to 1. 28±0. 621) 2 years later (t=2. 598, P=0. 011). The corneal astigmatism also increased by 0. 09±0. 36D. Conclusions After myopia was initially found in children ,the spherical refractive error has significantly progressed in the following 2 years;the cylindrical refractive error has slightly progressed;the progression of cylindrical refractive error may be resultant from the increase of corneal astigmatism.

关 键 词：近视 散光 角膜散光 角膜曲率 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]