刺槐根际变形杆菌的分离和去除重金属的性能  

Isolation of a Heavy Metal Tolerant Strain Proteus sp. Ch-8 From the Rhizosphere of Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Its Characteristics to Remove Heavy Metals

作　　者：张轩[1] 闫紫微 黄忠良[1] 冯冲凌[2] 刘先利 朱艺 吴子剑[1] 黄兢 覃晓莉[1] 李辉[1] ZHANG Xuan;YAN Ziwei;HUANG Zhongliang;FENG Chongling;LIU Xianli;ZHU Yi;WU Zijian;HUANG Jing;QIN Xiaoli;LI Hui(Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004. China;Central South University of Forestry Science and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学,湖南长沙410004 [3]湖北理工学院环境科学与工程学院,湖北黄石435003

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2019年第3期80-89,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：湖北省技术创新专项(2016ACA176);矿区环境污染控制与修复湖北省重点实验室开放基金(2016102);湖南省科技重大专项(2016NK1001);湖南省科技厅重点研发计划(2016SK2045;2017SK2351;2017SK2383);长沙市科技计划(kq1606025;kh1701110;kq1707007);湖南省林业厅林业科技计划项目(XLK201701)

摘　　要：变形杆菌在重金属污染等毒害环境中有着超强的代谢能力和环境适应性,不仅是许多污染环境的优势菌群,还能耐受和利用重金属及其他环境毒素作为自身能量和营养来源。它可以通过生物转化改变重金属离子状态,减轻重金属对环境的毒害,同时帮助植物增强重金属抗性,提升对重金属的吸附能力,但对于其作为环境土著菌在重金属土壤污染修复中的研究甚少。该研究通过对重金属复合污染的尾矿库中木本植物的重金属含量和富集水平测定,筛选出了镉超富集刺槐,并通过生理生化特征及重金属去除等实验于刺槐根际筛选出一株耐镉、锌、铅的变形杆菌(Proteus sp.)Ch-8,其对Cd^(2+)、Pb^(2+)、Zn^(2+)的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)分别达到了2800、1500和900 mg/L。实验结果还表明,在多离子共存的环境下,该菌对Cd、Pb、Zn的去除能力尤为突出:重金属离子初始浓度为200～400 mg/L,Cd^(2+)、Pb^(2+)、Zn^(2+)的去除率仍能达到64.5%、90%和74.1%,为开发变形杆菌作为重金属污染生物修复新材料,进一步探究其与超富集植物的协同作用提供了数据参考。Proteus can change the state of heavy metal ions through biological transformation, reduce the toxicity of heavy metals to the environment, and help plants enhance the resistance to heavy metals and the adsorption capacity of heavy metals.However, only a few researches concerned about the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by bacteria of Proteus genera. In this study, Proteus sp. Ch-8, a strain resistant to cadmium, zinc and lead was isolated from the rhizosphere of Robinia pseudoacacia L. at a composite heavy metal tailing. Its physicochemical characteristics and the effect of heavy metal removal were further tested. The tolerance of Cd2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+measured by the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) method reached 2800 mg/L, 1500 mg/L and 900 mg/L respectively. The removal rates of Cd2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+reached 64.5%, 90% and 74.1% respectively, with a high level compared to the current researches. This study laid a foundation for the engineering application of Proteus sp. Ch-8 as a bioremediation new material and for the further research on the synergistic remediation effects of hyperaccumulators and microbes.

关 键 词：根际土壤微生物 刺槐 变形杆菌 镉 铅 锌 重金属去除率 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]