基于SRAP标记的哈尼梯田红米遗传多样性及群体结构分析  

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Red Rice from Hani Terraced Fields Based on SRAP Markers

作　　者：马孟莉 周晓梅 郑云 张婷婷 张晓倩 卢丙越 Ma Mengli;Zhou Xiaomei;Zheng Yun;Zhang Tingting;Zhang Xiaoqian;Lu Bingyue(Key Laboratory of Crop High Quality and Efficient Cultivation and Security Control of College in Yunnan Province, College of Life Science and Technology,Honghe University, Mengzi, 661100)

机构地区：[1]红河学院生命科学与技术学院云南省高校农作物优质高效栽培与安全控制重点实验室,蒙自661100

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2019年第7期2231-2237,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究计划项目(2013FZ124);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2013Y066);红河学院中青年学术骨干培养计划项目(2014GG0101)共同资助

摘　　要：著名的哈尼梯田核心区位于云南省元阳县,至今仍以种植水稻地方品种为主,梯田红米是其中的主要类型。本研究利用筛选的20对SRAP标记分析60份哈尼梯田红米品种的遗传多样性和群体结构。20对SRAP标记共扩增出182个条带,其中165个具有多态性,多态性比率达90.66%,平均每对引物可扩增9.10个条带;观测等位基因数(Na)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、Nei's基因多样度(H)和Shannon信息指数(I)分别为1.907、1.404、0.239和0.366,表明云南哈尼梯田水稻红米品种具有较丰富的遗传多样性。聚类分析和主成分分析均将60份红米品种分为两大类,即57个籼稻品种聚为第一类,3个粳稻品种聚为第二类,表明哈尼梯田红米以籼稻为主,在籼稻亚群中有部分品种存在遗传分化现象,这一结果与STRUCTURE软件分析的群体结构类型一致。本研究为哈尼梯田红米资源的保护和利用提供了科学依据。The core area of the famous Hani terraces fields is located in Yuanyang County, Yunnan Province. So far, rice landraces are still the main varieties, especially red rice resources. The genetic diversity and population structure of 60 red rice landraces were analyzed using 20 screened sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers in this study. A total of 182 bands were amplified by 20 pairs of SRAP markers, of which 165 were polymorphic and the polymorphism rate was 90.66%, averaging 9.10 alleles per primer pair. Observed number of alleles (Na), Nei's gene diversity (H) and Shannon's Information index (/) were 1.907, 1.404, 0.239, and 0.366, respectively, indicating that the red rice in Hani terraces fields had rich genetic diversity. According to the cluster analysis and principal component analysis, 60 red rice landraces were divided into two major clusters. 57 Indic a rice landraces clustered into the first category, and 3 Japonic a rice landraces clustered into the second category, suggesting that Indic a rice was the main variety in red rice of Hani terraces fields. Genetic differentiation existed in some rice landraces of Indica rice, which was consistent with population structure analyzed by STRUCTURE software. These results could provide scientific reference for protection and application of red rice from Hani terraced fields.

关 键 词：哈尼梯田 红米 遗传多样性 群体结构 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]