牛磺酸替代部分谷氨酰胺在早期断奶仔猪饲粮中的应用效果及作用机理研究  

Study on Application Effect and Mechanism of Taurine and Glutamine Combination in Early-Weaned Piglets Diets

作　　者：卢昌文 张小龙[1] 胡红 陈庆菊 唐志如[1] LU Changwen;ZHANG Xiaolong;HU Hong;HEN Qingju;TANG Zhiru(Key Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物科技学院生物饲料与分子营养实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2019年第4期1919-1929,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31772610);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0501000);重庆市留学人才创新计划重点项目(cx2017024);重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2016jcyjA1414)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究牛磺酸(Tau)替代部分谷氨酰胺(Gln)对早期断奶仔猪生长性能、血清指标、肠道黏膜形态和肠道损伤修复相关基因表达的影响。试验选用40头早期断奶仔猪,随机分为4组:对照组(1.0%Gln)、Ⅰ组(0.1%Tau+0.4%Gln)、Ⅱ组(0.1%Tau+0.6%Gln)、Ⅲ组(0.1%Tau+0.8%Gln)。饲养试验为期21 d,其中预试期3 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组的平均日增重分别提高了4.96%(P<0.05)、12.84%(P<0.05)和7.54%(P<0.05),平均日采食量分别提高了1.14%(P>0.05)、4.33%(P<0.05)和1.28%(P>0.05),料重比分别降低了4.64%(P<0.05)、8.25%(P<0.05)和6.19%(P <0.05)。早期断奶仔猪饲粮中添加0. 1%Tau替代0.6%、0.4%和0.2%Gln后日均纯利润分别提高了30%(P<0.05)、42%(P<0.05)和26%(P<0.05)。Ⅱ组肝脏指数、胸腺指数、空肠重量指数和回肠重量指数显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组血清白蛋白浓度显著高于对照组和Ⅰ组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组血清谷草转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05);Ⅱ组血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于其他组(P<0.05);Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组血清甘油三酯浓度显著低于对照组和Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅱ组血清过氧化氢酶活性显著高于其他组(P<0.05),血清超氧阴离子自由基清除能力和总抗氧化能力显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组血清超氧化物歧化酶活性显著升高(P <0.05)。与对照组相比,血清必需氨基酸(EAA)中赖氨酸(Lys)、蛋氨酸(Met)、精氨酸(Arg)、半胱氨酸(Cys)、组氨酸(His)、异亮氨酸(Ile)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)、缬氨酸(Val)和苏氨酸(Thr)浓度均有不同程度的升高,血清非必需氨基酸(NEAA)中丙氨酸(Ala)、天冬氨酸(Asp)、谷氨酸(Glu)和甘氨酸(Gly)浓度也均有不同程度的升高。Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组回肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。Ⅱ组空肠β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)基因的相对表达量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。由此得出,早�The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of taurine (Tau) instead of partial glutamine (Gln) on growth performance,serum parameters,intestinal mucosal morphology and expression of intestinal damage repair related genes of early-weaned piglets. Forty early-weaned piglets were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (1.0% Gln),group Ⅰ(0.1% Tau+0.4% Gln),group Ⅱ(0.1% Tau+0.6% Gln) and group Ⅲ(0.1%Tau+0.8%Gln). The feeding trial lasted for 21 days including a pre-test period of 3 days. The results showed that compared with the control group,the average daily gain in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ increased by 4.96%( P <0.05),12.84%( P <0.05) and 7.54%( P <0.05),the daily feed intake increased by 1.14%( P >0.05),4.33%( P <0.05) and 1.28%( P >0.05),and the feed/gain decreased by 4.64%( P < 0.05 ),8.25%( P <0.05) and 6.19%( P <0.05),respectively. The daily average net profit of early-weaned pigs supplemented with 0.1% Tau instead of 0.6%,0.4% and 0.2% Gln increased by 30%( P <0.05),42%( P <0.05) and 26%( P <0.05),respectively. Liver index,thymus index,jejunal weight index and ileal weight index in group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those in other groups ( P <0.05). Serum albumin concentration in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in control group and group Ⅰ( P <0.05). Compared with the control group,serum aspartate aminotransferase activity in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly decreased ( P <0.05). Serum alkaline phosphatase activity in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in other groups ( P <0.05). Serum triglyceride concentration in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in control group and group Ⅰ( P <0.05). Serum catalase activity in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in other groups ( P <0.05). Serum superoxide anion free radical scavenging ability and total antioxidant capacity in group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those in control group ( P <0.05). Compared with the control group,serum superoxide dismutase activi

关 键 词：牛磺酸 谷氨酰胺 早期断奶仔猪 生长性能 肠道黏膜形态 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]