孟子忧乐观刍议  

My Opinion on Mengzi's View of Happiness and Sorrow

作　　者：牟永生 Mou Yongsheng(Department of Political Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215009)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学政治系,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《黄河科技学院学报》2019年第3期17-22,共6页Journal of Huanghe S&T College

基　　金：江苏省哲学社会科学立项资助项目(14ZXB002)

摘　　要：孟子受业于子思门人,幼年命运不济,历经社会底层的贫困和煎熬,青年时带门徒游历各国,竭力推介自己的仁政思想。他见战争不断,尸横遍野,便慨然誓言"舍我其谁也?"游说失败后,孟子退居讲学,和学生一起"序《诗》《书》,述仲尼之意,作《孟子》七篇"。其中蕴藏着的丰富忧乐观,主要表现在三个层面:"民贵君轻"是孟子忧乐观的基石;"生于忧患,死于安乐"是孟子忧乐观的核心;"反身而诚,乐莫大焉"是孟子忧乐观的特质。Mencius, who was the famous philosopher, politician, and educator in the warring states period in China, learned his lessons from one of Zisi's disciples. He had a bad luck in life in his childhood, and went through all the poverty and suffering at the bottom of the society. In his youth, he traveled around various countries with his disciples and tried to propose his ideas on benevolent policies. Seeing the endless wars and the dead bodies in the fields, he made the indignant promise:"who else can save the situation?". After the failure of his going canvassing, Mencius retreated and lectured. Together with his students, Mencius made prefaces for poetry and books, expounded the significance of Confucius' works, and wrote the seven articles in Mencius. In his book, the view of happiness and sorrow was richly contained and mainly represented in three levels:"that the people are more important than the ruler" serves as the footstone;"thriving in calamity and perishing in soft living" can be regarded as the core;and that "there is no greater joy than honesty" is the characteristics of Mencius' view of happiness and sorrow.

关 键 词：孟子 忧乐观 内容 

分 类 号：B222.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]