对外绿地投资对母国的就业效应细分研究  

The Subdivision Research of Employment Effect of Greenfield Investment on Home Country

作　　者：薛军 苏二豆 王自锋[1] XUE Jun;SU Er-dou;WANG Zi-feng

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院

出　　处：《产经评论》2019年第2期54-66,共13页Industrial Economic Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"世界经济新格局下的创新保护研究"(批准号:18AZD001;主持人:蒋殿春);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"全球创新保护新形势下的我国民营企业OFDI对策研究"(批准号:19YJA790100;主持人:薛军);2018-2019南开大学中央专项基本科研业务费项目(项目编号:63185009;项目主持人:薛军)

摘　　要：对外绿地投资的就业效应既为我国就业创造、缓解就业矛盾提供了新视角,也为企业"走出去"战略提供了一个值得重视的考量指标。对外绿地投资的不同行业、不同类型、不同投资东道国对母国就业影响存在异质性,需要细分研究。利用2009-2015年中国A股上市非金融类企业的微观数据,结合倾向得分匹配法和双重差分法的实证研究表明四点:一是绿地投资对母国有明显的"就业创造效应";二是这种效应随着时间的推移先上升后下降,呈现倒"U"形;三是投资次数越多,对母国就业的正向促进作用越大;四是分样本检验发现,与没有出口经验的企业相比,有出口经验的企业绿地投资后对母国就业的影响更大,与投资中低收入国相比,投资中高收入国的"就业创造效应"更明显,与制造业相比,投资非制造业更能促进母国就业水平提升。建议在选取对外绿地投资行业时,结合国内产业结构优化的实际,综合考虑技术市场和就业等因素的影响,以求真正促进母国经济质量的提升。How does greenfield investment affect the employment of the home country? This paper use the microdata of Chinese A-share listed non-financial enterprises from 2009 to 2015 to study the problem by using the the method of PSM and DID.Four conclusions are drawn:Firstly,greenfield investment has obvious “employment creation effect” for the firms at home country;Secondly,this effect is invert U;Thirdly,the more times enterprises invest,the greater employment effect;Fourthly,The sample survey found that,compared with no experience in export enterprises,the employment effect of greenfield investment is larger in enterprises with export experience,compared with the investment in low-income countries,“employment creation effect” is more obvious when the investment is in the high-income countries,compared with manufacturing,the employment effect is larger when the greenfield investment is for non-manufacturing industry.The research of this paper not only provides new ideas for easing employment contradiction in China,but also provides corresponding policy enlightenment for the implementation of the “going out” strategy of enterprises in the next stage.

关 键 词：就业创造效应 绿地投资 企业匹配 就业替代效应 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理]