考虑借还平衡约束的城市自行车服务点布设  

Urban Bicycle Service Point Layout Considering Borrow and Return Balance Constraints

作　　者：王荣伟 林建新[1] 王皖东 WANG Rong-wei;LIN Jian-xin;WANG Wan-dong(Beijing Urban Transportation Infrastructure Engineering Technology Research Center, Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Metropolitan Transportation,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学北京市城市交通基础设施建设工程技术研究中心首都世界城市顺畅交通协同创新中心,北京100044

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2019年第12期353-359,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(8184066);北京建筑大学市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金(X18028)资助

摘　　要：为了解决城市自行车服务点借还不平衡导致城市自行车系统使用效率低和停放混乱的问题,构建了以借还差惩罚成本为主要考量因素,步行成本、骑行成本、建设成本为次要因素的多目标协同优化的选址模型。研究揭示了城市自行车使用者的出行目的性强、随机性不显著、相对稳定的规律,并利用马尔科夫过程理论预测借还规律特征,使用帕累托(Pareto)加权求和法求解获得自行车服务点位置方案。研究结果表明,所提出的方法能够大幅改善服务点布设不当引发的需求不平衡的问题,辅助优化城市自行车在交通出行结构中的分担比例。In order to solve the problem of low efficiency and parking confusion in urban bicycle service points that caused by borrow and return imbalance,a multi-objective collaborative optimization model is constructed with the penalty cost of borrowing and returning as the main factor,the cost of walking,riding cost and construction cost as secondary factors. Cyclists’ trip purpose is strong,no significant randomness,relatively stable is revealed. Using the Pareto weighted summation method to obtaining the location of the bicycle service points based on the Markov process theory to predict the characteristics of the borrowing and return rule. The results show that the proposed method can greatly improve the problems caused by the improper distribution of bicycle service points and the imbalance problems,and helpful to optimize the proportion of urban bicycles in the transportation structure.

关 键 词：城市自行车 借还平衡 布设 多目标优化 PARETO最优 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]