基因权的证立及其界限——遗传基因治疗角度的思考  

The Establishment and Limitation of Gene Rights: Consideration from the Perspective of Genetic Gene Therapy

作　　者：曲娜 QU Na(Department of Law,School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Binzhou Medical College,Yantai 246003,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院人文与社会科学学院法学系,山东烟台246003

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2019年第5期602-605,共4页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：四川省医事卫生法治中心基金项目"基因治疗中基因权利的法律保护研究"(YF16-Y05)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：基因治疗技术带来的一个最大伦理困境不啻在于,人类遗传疾病的基因治疗是否合乎伦理要求,法律上是否应该承认所谓的基因权以及如何界定其界限。就遗传基因治疗问题而言,未出生者拥有相应的基因权,其权利内容即在于通过基因治疗来恢复未出生者的未来健康,应该大力倡导基因技术的发展和应用,推进人类的福利事业,使得更多有基因缺陷的患者恢复健康,从而为其完美人生的实现确立一个坚实的基础。另一方面,基于未出生者的自主性,这项权利存在一定的界限,即在保障健康这项利益之外,未出生者并不能具有无限制基因增强的权利。因此,对于基因增强的应用我们则应予以禁止,因为它不仅背离了一个自主谋划的完整人生的意义,也破坏了人类平等的基础,并造成了文化多样性的萎缩。One of the biggest ethical dilemmas brought about by gene therapy technology is whether gene therapy for human genetic diseases meets ethical requirements, whether the so-called genetic rights should be recognized in law and how to define their boundaries. As far as genetic gene therapy is concerned, the unborn person has the corresponding gene right, whose content is to restore the future health of the unborn person through gene therapy. We should vigorously advocate the development and application of genetic technology, promote the welfare of human beings, and make more patients with genetic defects recover their health, so as to establish a solid foundation for the realization of their perfect life. On the other hand, based on the autonomy of the unborn, there is a certain limit to this right. That is to say, the unborn can not have the right of unlimited gene enhancement beyond the benefit of health protection. Therefore, the application of gene enhancement should be prohibited. Moreover, it not only deviates from the meaning of an independent and planned whole life, but also undermines the foundation of human equality. It has also led to the shrinkage of cultural diversity.

关 键 词：基因治疗 未出生者 健康利益 基因增强 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]