临床护理路径对老年颅脑损伤后智力缺损和精神异常患者认知行为的效果分析  

Effect of clinical nursing pathway on cognitive behavior of patients with mental retardation and mental disorder after craniocerebral injury

作　　者：毕丽杰 姜天华 周红 叶晓丽 BI Lijie;JIANG Tianhua;ZHOU Hong(Neurosurgeons in Tangshan City worker's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China)

机构地区：[1]河北省唐山市工人医院神经外科,唐山063000 [2]河北医科大学第三医院神经外科

出　　处：《国际精神病学杂志》2019年第2期357-359,共3页Journal Of International Psychiatry

摘　　要：目的研究临床护理路径对老年颅脑损伤后智力缺损和精神异常患者认知行为的影响。方法选择我院2013年1月～2016年1月期间收治的87例老年颅脑损伤后智力缺损或精神异常患者,随机分为对照组42例和观察组45例,对照组给予常规护理,观察组采用临床护理路径模式,记录比较两组患者护理前后认知功能、生活自理能力、生活质量和精神状态。结果护理后24、48周,观察组患者MMSE评分高于对照组(P<0.05);护理后12、24、48周,观察组患者ADL评分高于对照组(P<0.05);护理后,两组患者生活质量各项评分均上升,且观察组均高于对照组(P<0.05);护理后,两组患者社会兴趣、社会能力、个人卫生评分升高,观察组高于对照组;两组患者精神病表现、易激惹、迟滞和抑郁评分均降低,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对老年颅脑损伤后精神异常或智力缺损患者采用临床护理路径,可以有效改善认知功能,提高生活质量。Objective Objective to study the influence of clinical nursing pathway on cognitive impairment in patients with mental retardation and mental disorders after craniocerebral trauma. Methods Chosen 87 elderly patients with mental retardation and mental disorder after craniocerebral injury in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2016,according to the principle of random control,which can be divided into the control group of 42 cases and 45 cases in the observation group,the control group used routine nursing,the observation group used clinical nursing path mode,recording two groups were compared before and after nursing cognitive function,self-care ability,quality of life and mental state. Results After 24 and 48 weeks care,the scores of MMSE in the observation group were higher than control group(P<0.05);The scores of ADL in the observation group were higher than those in the control group at 12,24 and 48 weeks after the treatment,(P<0.05);After nursing,the scores of quality of life of the two groups increased,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05). After nursing,two groups of social interest,social ability and personal hygiene were increased,the observation group than the control group;two patients with psychiatric manifestations,irritability,hysteresis and depression scores were lower in observation group than in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The clinical nursing path of mental disorder after craniocerebral injury or mental defect in elderly patients,can relieve mental symptoms,improve cognitive function,improve the living ability of nursing.

关 键 词：颅脑损伤 精神异常 智力缺损 护理路径 

分 类 号：R749.99[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]