大学生体质测试动机模型构建及量表编制  

Model Construction and Scaling of College Students’ Motivation on Physical Health Tests

作　　者：马爱民[1] 颜军[2] 傅建[2] 何勇[1] MA Ai-min;YAN Jun;FU Jian;HE Yong(School of Sports and Science,Nantong University,Nantong,Jiangsu 226019,China;School of Physical Education,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225127,China)

机构地区：[1]南通大学体育科学学院,江苏南通226019 [2]扬州大学体育学院,江苏扬州225012

出　　处：《石家庄学院学报》2019年第3期111-116,共6页Journal of Shijiazhuang University

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究基金(2018SJA1209);江苏省学生体质健康促进研究中心课题(2018B011)

摘　　要：为了探讨大学生体质测试动机的表现及类型,构建了大学生体质测试动机模型并完成了量表编制.根据自我决定论对动机的定义及分类确定大学生体质测试动机量表的预设模型,采用德尔菲法编制初始量表;然后对分层随机抽样的1300名大学生进行初始量表测查,通过内容效度指数(CVI)、题总相关系数(CITC)、临界比值(CR)等参数筛检预测条目确定正式量表;最后通过探索性因素分析进行因子提取和条目归类命名,利用相关分析及验证性因素分析对预设模型进行结构验证.结果表明:量表11个条目的CVI≥0.8,CITC≥0.5,CR(27%)的鉴别性较好;探索性因素分析提取内部动机(4个条目)、外部动机(4个条目)和无动机(3个条目)3个因子,累积方差贡献率为66.27%;3个分量表与总量表存在中高度相关(P<0.001),验证性因素分析表明量表预设模型结构合理(χ2/df=2.301,近似均方根误差为0.062,拟合优度指数为0.928);总量表的克隆巴赫α系数为0.811,3个分量表的克隆巴赫α系数约为0.8,量表重测信度为0.912;不同性别、年级、专业大学生体质测试动机得分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).初步编制的大学生体质测试动机量表的信度、效度等评价指标基本符合心理测量要求,可用于大学生体质测试动机的测量和干预研究.In order to explore the expression and type of college students’ physical test motivation,the model of college students’ physical test motivation is constructed and the scale preparation is completed.According to the definition and classification of motivation of self-determinism,the preset model of college students’ physical test motivation scale is determined,and the initial scale is compiled by Delphi method.The initial scale is then examined for 1 300 college students in a stratified random sample,and the official scale is determined by the parameters such as the content validity index (CVI),the total correlation coefficient (CITC),and the critical ratio (CR).Finally,factor extraction and item classification are carried out through exploratory factor analysis,and structural verification of the preset model is carried out using correlation analysis and verification factor analysis.The results show that: CVI≥0.8,CITC≥0.5,CR(27%) has better discrimination;Exploratory factor analysis extracts three factors: internal motivation (4 items),external motivation (4 items),and non-motivation (3 items).The cumulative variance contribution rate is 66.27%;three component tables are highly correlated with the total table (P<0.001),Validation factor analysis shows that the default model of the scale is reasonable in structure (χ2/df=2.301,RMSEA=0.062,GFI=0.928);The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the total quantity table is 0.811,the Cronbach’s α coefficient of the three component tables are about 0.8,and the remeasurement reliability of the scale is 0.912.The difference in the scores of physical health test motivation of college students with different genders,grades,and majors is statistically significant (P<0.05).The reliability,validity and other evaluation indexes of the preliminary physical test motivation scale of college students basically meet the requirements of psychological measurement and can be used for measuring and intervening research of college students’ physical test motivation.

关 键 词：大学生 体质测试 动机 量表编制 

分 类 号：G804.83[文化科学—运动人体科学]