Exosome在细菌和病毒感染中的作用研究  

Exosomes and their roles in infectious diseases caused by bacteria and virus

作　　者：赵忠意 秦臻[1] 向丽 张思凡 李明远[1] ZHAO Zhongyi;QIN Zhen;XIANG Li;ZHANG Sifan(reviewing);LI Mingyuan(checking)(West China School of Basic medicol Sciences and Forensic Medicme Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《西部医学》2019年第5期818-821,共4页Medical Journal of West China

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(81502856)

摘　　要：外泌题(Exosome)作为生物活性载体,最早被认为仅仅负责细胞垃圾清运工作;然而近年来大量关于exosome与人类免疫缺陷病毒、乙型肝炎病毒、结核分枝杆菌以及其他病原体的研究成果,揭示了exosome功能的复杂性和多样性,如转运和传送各种调节因子、病原体核酸和蛋白质以及宿主细胞的miRNA和细胞因子至未感染细胞,以调节机体的免疫应答。Exosome既可以激活免疫促进炎症反应,也可以抑制免疫反应助力病毒的扩散。本文对exosome在细菌性和病毒性感染中扮演的角色及相关机制作一综述。Exosomes have recently been classified as the family members of "bioactive vesicles" that can promote intercellular communication.Exosomes have garnered a huge amount of interest in recent years.Recent studies on Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV),Hepatitis C Virus(HCV),Mycobacterium Tuberculosis,and many other pathogens have demonstrated that exosomes released from infected cells harbor and deliver many regulatory factors including pathogenic DNA or RNA and proteins,cellular miRNA and other host functional genetic elements to neighboring cells,modulating cellular responses.Exosomes can either spread or limit an infection,the same as host immune response.This review highlights the role of exosomes in bacterial and viral infections with an emphasis on their potential contribution to pathogenesis.

关 键 词：EXOSOME 病原体 免疫应答 炎症反应 

分 类 号：R329.24[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]