“革命儒学”的政治构想及其哲学基础——以熊十力《乾坤衍》为中心  

The Political Scheme and Philosophical Foundation of“Revolutionary Confucianism”:Centering on Xiong Shili’s The Universe Unfolded

作　　者：周展安[1] Zhou Zhan-an(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Shanghai University)

机构地区：[1]上海大学中文系

出　　处：《开放时代》2019年第3期65-80,M0004,共17页Open Times

摘　　要：本文以熊十力的晚年思考及其“衰年定论”——《乾坤衍》为主要研究对象,尝试勾勒熊十力的“革命儒学”,特别是其如何将“社会主义”和“儒家”进行对接并使二者相互激发的思想轨迹=熊十力对传统儒学进行“判教”,区分了“大道之学”和“小康之学”,对代表“大道之学”的《易经》《春秋经》《周官经》《礼运经》做出新的原理性解释,获得了将“儒家”和“社会主义”进行对接的契机,发展出“革命儒学”的“外王学”和“内圣学”。通过对传统儒学的激进性解释,特别是对“大道之学”的哲学基础即“体用不二”的解释,熊十力为既定的“社会主义”构想提供了新的要素,对“唯物论”进行了补充和修正.综合来看,熊十力激进的判教工作,对“社会主义”的儒家形态做了具有极限性的思考尝试,这为我们今天重新认识“社会主义”和“儒家”的关系提供了有力的借鉴。This study is focused on Xiong Shili's thinking in his late years and his“definitive work in the declining years”-The Universe Unfolded(Qiankun Yan),with an attempt to outline his"revolutionary Confucianism",in particular his association of Confucianism with socialism to let the two ideologies inspire each other.Xiong makes the distinction between"School of the Big Way"and"School of the Well-to-do"in Confucianism,giving new interpretations to the classics that represent the former,including The Book of Change(Yi Jing),The Annal of Spring and Autumn(Chun Qiu),The Book of Zhou's Officialdom(Zhou Guan),and The Book of Rituals(Li Yun).In so doing,he connects Confucianism w.h socialism and develops both the practical and the spiritual aspects of his"revolutionary Confucianism".Through radical interpretations of traditional Confucianism,in particular the idea of"the unity of the ontological and the functional"which is the philosophical foundation of the"School of the Big Way",Xiong infiltrates the established socialist theory with new factors and drastically revises materialism.Judged as whole,Xiong's radical work of philosophical distinction is a positive attempt on a Confucian version of socialism.

关 键 词：熊十力 社会主义 儒家《乾坤衍》 

分 类 号：B261[哲学宗教—中国哲学]