生态退化下三峡库区贫困农户生计脆弱性评价——以重庆市奉节县为例  

Livelihood Vulnerability of Poor Farmers in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region Under the Background of Ecological Degradation——A Case Study on the Fengjie County in Chongqing

作　　者：马婷 王勇[1] 廖和平[2] 李涛[2] MA Ting;WANG Yong;LIAO He-ping;LI Tao(School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;Southwest University Center for Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Regional Development Assessment, Chongqing 400715, China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学精准扶贫与区域发展评估研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第4期10-17,共8页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAJ11B02);重庆市教育委员会人文社科类重点项目(16SKGH250);重庆市教育委员会科技项目(KJ1603202);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(XJKJXM001744)

摘　　要：研究三峡库区贫困农户生计脆弱性有助于分析贫困农户生计脆弱性特征以及主要影响因素,为三峡库区生态环境保护和制定扶贫措施提供理论依据.以重庆市奉节县为研究区域,基于1 496份贫困农户问卷和60份村干部问卷,建立适用于三峡库区贫困农户生计脆弱性评价指标体系,利用综合评估指数模型对奉节县贫困农户生计脆弱性进行评价.结果表明:①受生态退化影响最大的是低收入、纯农户以及处于极强度生态退化区域的贫困农户;②石漠化与水土流失是影响奉节县贫困农户生计脆弱性的主要因素;③生态退化严重区域降低贫困农户生计脆弱性的关键是生态环境保护与恢复,以及进一步通过相关扶贫政策引导区域贫困农户生计方式多样化,提高其适应能力.The Three Gorges Reservoir Region is a complex region with fragile ecological environment and multidimensional poverty. Ecological degradation seriously affects the livelihood of poor farmers in the region. The study of the livelihood vulnerability of poor farmers in the region is helpful to analyze its characteristics and main influencing factors and to provide a theoretical basis for ecological environment protection and poverty reduction measures in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region. Taking Fengjie County of Chongqing as the research area, based on 1496 poverty household questionnaires and 60 village cadre questionnaires, this paper establishes an index system for evaluating the livelihood vulnerability of poor farmers in this region. A comprehensive evaluation index model is used to evaluate the livelihood vulnerability of poor farmers in Fengjie County. The results of the study show that the low-income farmers, pure agricultural households farmers and farmers in the area of extreme ecological degradation are the most affected by ecological degradation;that rocky desertification and soil erosion are the main factors affecting the livelihood vulnerability of poor farmers in Fengjie County;and that the key to reduce the livelihood vulnerability of poor farmers in areas with serious ecological degradation is to protect the ecological environment, restore it, and further guide the poor farmers to diversify their livelihood ways and improve their adaptability through relevant poverty alleviation policies.

关 键 词：生态退化 贫困 生计脆弱性 三峡库区 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济] S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]