马铃薯晚疫病抗性基因分子标记检测及抗性评价  

Molecular Marker Screening of Resistant Genes and Evaluation of Resistance to Late Blight from 218 Potato Genotypes

作　　者：刘勋[1] 郑克邪 张娇 徐茜 张蜀敏[3] 赵勇[1] 沈昱辰 谢德斌[1] 唐道彬[1] 吕长文[1] 张凯[1] 任茂智[3] 王季春[1] LIU Xun;ZHENG Ke-xie;ZHANG Jiao;XU Qian;ZHANG Shu-ming;ZHAO Yong;SHEN Yu-chen;XIE De-bin;TANG Dao-bin;LV Chang-wen;ZHANG Kai;REN Mao-zhi;WANG Ji-chun(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding forTuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Chongqing 400715;Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 404155;School of life sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 405200)

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院/薯类生物学与遗传育种重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]重庆三峡农业科学院,重庆404155 [3]重庆大学生命科学学院,重庆405200

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2019年第3期538-549,共12页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项(cstc2015shms-ztzx80003;cstc2015shms-ztzx80004);国家自然科学基金(31571728);中央高校基本科研业务费(XDJK2017B023;2362015XK05)~~

摘　　要：马铃薯是重庆优势特色作物之一,但其安全生产受到晚疫病的严重威胁。马铃薯生产中种植抗病品种是防控马铃薯晚疫病最为经济有效和环境友好的途径。为了了解来自国内外不同种质的晚疫病抗性基因组成以及确定在重庆市具有晚疫病抗性的马铃薯品种(系),本研究以218份来自国内外的品种(系)为材料,进行了6个晚疫病抗性(R)基因分子标记检测,同时进行了田间晚疫病抗性评价及室内接种鉴定和筛选。研究结果显示,6个R基因的分子标记在供试材料中均有分布,但分子标记的组成不尽相同,主要分为4大类。第Ⅰ类含有具有广谱抗性基因的RB,晚疫病抗性评价表现为中抗以上;第Ⅲ类缺失R2 family基因标记,绝大部分表现为晚疫病敏感型;第Ⅱ类和第Ⅳ类中分别主要含有3个R基因(R2 Family+R3a+R3b)标记类型和4个R基因(R1+R2 Family+R3a+R3b)标记类型,这两类材料中表现出一定比例的晚疫病抗性水平,但第Ⅳ类中出现抗性表现的比例高于第Ⅱ类。结果说明含有RB基因标记贡献了较高的晚疫病抗性,缺失R2 famlily基因标记的材料可能不利于晚疫病抗性,利用这些基因标记辅助筛选有助于提高重庆地区晚疫病抗性育种效率。本研究评价了218份马铃薯材料6个重要R基因组成,并筛选出重庆地区表现抗性的多个材料,为新品种(系)的推广应用以及抗病育种选育提供了科学依据,同时为发掘新的抗病基因提供了遗传资源。Potato is an important crop in mountainous areas of China,such as Chongqing. Late blight(LB)caused by Phytophthora infestans has been a major threat to sustainable potato production in China. Growing disease-resistant varieties is the most economical,effective and environmentally friendly way to control LB in potato production. In order to understand the composition of resistance(R)genes to late blight from different germplasms and to obtain potato varieties(lines)with resistance to LB in Chongqing,screening of R genes using molecular marker linked to LB and evaluation of LB resistance upon natural and artificial inoculations were carried out in 218 potato varieties(lines)from different regions. The results showed that six R genes were detected in the tested genotypes and the composition of the molecular markers could mainly be divided into four types,including Type Ⅰ,which was characterized by the presence of a broad-spectrum resistance gene RB;TypeⅢ,which was characterized by the absence of R2 family markers,most of which were susceptible to late blight;Type Ⅱ and Ⅳ,which were characterized by three R genes(R2 Family+R3 a+R3 b)and four R genes(R1+R2 Family+R3 a+R3 b)marker types,respectively,which showed a certain proportion of LB resistance in these two types. The proportion of resistance in type Ⅳ was higher than that in type Ⅱ. These results suggested that genotypes containing RB gene markers positively contributed to LB resistance. Screening of these gene markers will help to improve the breeding ef?ciency of LB resistance in Chongqing. By analyzing R genes compositions of and LB resistance tests in 218 potato genotypes,this study provided scienti?c basis for the future popularization and application of new varieties(lines)and resistance breeding in Chongqing,and also provided genetic resources for the discovery of new R genes.

关 键 词：马铃薯 晚疫病抗性 分子标记 评价 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]