营养与肌肉减少症  

Sarcopenia and nutrition

作　　者：苏琳 刘爽[4] 董碧蓉 SU Lin;LIU Shuang;DONG Bi-rong(Department of Geriatrics,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041;National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041;Health Care and Medical Research Center,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041;Department of Senior Ward,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院老年干部科,成都610041 [2]国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心,成都610041 [3]四川大学老年康养医学中心,成都610041 [4]中日友好医院保健部二部,北京100029

出　　处：《肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志》2019年第1期26-34,共9页Electronic Journal of Metabolism and Nutrition of Cancer

基　　金：四川省卫生和计划生育委员会普及项目(18PJ512);四川省科技计划资助(2018TJPT0015,2018JY0094)

摘　　要：肌肉减少症是一组与年龄相关的骨骼肌质量和力量的进行性和普遍性减少和丧失的综合征。肌肉减少症在老年人群中非常普遍,约有10%的60岁以上老年人患有该综合征。患肌肉减少症的老年人发生失能、生活质量降低和死亡等临床不良事件的风险大大增加。营养不良也是老年人群常见问题。虽然营养状态正常的老年人也会罹患肌肉减少症,但研究发现营养不良的老年人其患病风险会进一步增高。此外,缺乏某些特殊的微量营养元素也被发现与肌肉减少症的患病有关。鉴于肌肉减少症给老年人结局带来的不良影响,越来越多的研究开始探索肌肉减少症的有效干预手段。目前,针对肌肉减少症的干预措施主要从病因方面入手,包括运动干预、营养干预、激素补充以及药物干预等,其中营养干预成为了近年来研究的热点。肌肉减少症的营养干预的方案多种多样,包括蛋白质、氨基酸、肌酸、维生素D、矿物质元素、不饱和脂肪酸等。本文将就不同营养元素对肌肉减少症干预的有效性进行介绍,并基于目前证据提出肌肉减少症营养干预的相关建议。Sarcopenia is a syndrome of age-related progressive and universal reduction and loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength.Sarcopenia is very common in older adults,with approximately 10%of old people aged 60 and above suffering from this syndrome.The risk of clinical adverse events such as disability,quality of life,and death is greatly increased in older adults with sarcopenia.Malnutrition is also a common problem in the old age population.Although older adults with normal nutritional status may also suffer from sarcopenia,studies found that the risk of sarcopenia is further increased in malnourished older adults.In addition,the lack of certain micronutrients has also been found to be associated with the onset of sarcopenia.Given the adverse effects of sarcopenia on the outcome of older adults,more and more researcher are beginning to explore effective interventions for sarcopenia.At present,the interventions for sarcopenia mainly start from the etiology,including exercise intervention,nutrition intervention,hormone supplementation and drug intervention.Nutrient intervention has become a hot topic in recent years.Nutritional interventions for sarcopenia are diverse,including proteins,amino acids,creatine,vitamin D,minerals,and unsaturated fatty acids.This article will review the effectiveness of different nutritional interventions of sarcopenia,and based on the current evidence to propose recommendations for nutritional intervention of sarcopenia.

关 键 词：肌肉减少症 营养补充 蛋白质 氨基酸 肌酸 维生素D 

分 类 号：R685[医药卫生—骨科学]