CRISPR/Cas系统在植物抗病毒中的应用  

Application of CRISPR/Cas system in anti-plant virus research

作　　者：闫洪波[1] 高艳丽 孙世卫[2] 窦炎丹 吴志明[3] YAN Hongbo;GAO Yanli;SUN Shiwei;DOU Yandan;WU Zhiming(College of Biology Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei,China;College of Biology Science,Hengshui University,Hengshui 053000,Hebei,China;Institute of Cash Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北经贸大学生物科学与工程学院,河北石家庄050061 [2]衡水学院生命科学系,河北衡水053000 [3]河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《草业科学》2019年第5期1405-1414,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31772305);河北省科技厅项目(17226913D);河北经贸大学科研基金(2015KYZ02)

摘　　要：近年来,CRISPR/Cas系统因其简易性和有效性不仅在植物基因组编辑中得到广泛应用,而且开始应用于植物抗病毒研究。本文介绍了CRISPR/Cas系统的研究进展,详述了CRISPR/Cas9和CRISPR/Cas13a在抗植物病毒中的应用,以及靶向病毒基因组和靶向宿主植物基因组两种抗病毒基本策略;同时讨论了CRISPR/Cas12a和相关原核Ago系统在抗植物病毒上的潜在应用前景,并指出CRISPR/Cas在应用中存在的挑战。由于CRISPR/Cas系统在抗植物病毒研究中的优势,可能给植物抗病毒育种带来革命性变化。In recent years,the CRISPR/Cas system has been widely applied for plant genome editing as well as in studies of anti-plant viruses because of its simplicity and effectiveness.In this review,progress in the use of the CRISPR/Cas system is briefly introduced,followed by a description of the applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cas13a systems to plant viruses,introducing two basic antiviral strategies:Targeting viral genes and targeting host plant genes.Additionally,the potential applications of CRISPR/Cas12a and related prokaryotic Ago systems against plant viruses are discussed,including the challenges of applications involving CRISPR/Cas.The CRISPR/Cas system will bring revolutionary changes to plant antiviral breeding because of its advantages in anti-plant virus research.

关 键 词：CRISPR/Cas9 CRISPR/Cas13a 植物病毒 病毒基因组 宿主植物基因组 抗病毒策略 Ago系统 

分 类 号：S503.4[农业科学—作物学]