不同植物生长调节剂对软枣猕猴桃果实无核化及膨大效果研究  

Effects of different plant growth regulators on denuclearization and expansion of Actinidia arguta

作　　者：刘铭 朴一龙[1] 安娇 连正 冉丽萍[1] LIU Ming;PIAO Yilong;AN Jiao;LIAN Zheng;RAN Liping(Agricultural College of Yanbian University,Yanji Jilin 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院

出　　处：《延边大学农学学报》2019年第1期13-17,23,共6页Agricultural Science Journal of Yanbian University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31160068)

摘　　要：为探讨植物生长调节剂对软枣猕猴桃果实无核化及膨大效果的影响,以"魁绿"和"桓优1号"为试材,采用不同浓度NAA、2,4-D、GA3和CPPU浸花或浸果,研究了不同植物生长调节剂对软枣猕猴桃单性结实诱导和促进果实膨大的影响。结果表明:NAA、2,4-D和GA3均能诱导单性结实,但以盛花期GA3处理效果最佳。在不同浓度处理中,2,4-D和GA3分别以8 mg/L和400 mg/L的处理效果最好,坐果率分别达到31.8%和40.0%,符合生产要求。NAA和2,4-D处理诱导单性结实的同时,产生了部分种子,而GA3 200~800 mg/L处理实现100%无籽,说明软枣猕猴桃部分花粉有生活力。诱导单性结实的果实变小、变短,可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量下降;而在不套袋情况下GA3处理使果实内种子数量显著减少。CPPU显著增加软枣猕猴桃果实单果质量,浓度越高膨大效果越明显,而GA3处理不仅对软枣猕猴桃果实膨大效果不明显,而且高浓度处理果实变小。CPPU和GA3处理对果实形状及品质的影响在"桓优1号"和"魁绿"品种之间有一定差异。高浓度CPPU处理的果实在果实生长后半时期果形指数明显变小。In order to explore the effect of plant growth regulators on denuclearization and expansioc of Actinidia arguta,"Kui Lü" and "Huanyou No.1" of Actinidia arguta as materials, different concentrations of NAA, 2,4-D, GA3 and CPPU were used to soak flowers or fruits, the effects of different plant growth regulators on parthenocarpy induction and fruit enlargement of Actinidia arguta were investigated. The results showed that NAA, 2,4-D and GA3 successfully induced parthenocarpy, but GA3 treatment had the best effect. Among the treatments with different concentrations, 8 mg/L and 400 mg/L were the best for 2,4-D and GA3, respectively. The fruit setting rate reached 31.8% and 40.0% respectively, which met the production requirement. While parthenocarpy was induced by NAA and 2,4-D treatment, part of the seeds were produced, while GA3 200~800 mg/L treatment achieved 100% denuclearization, indicating that part of the Actinidia arguta pollens had vitality. The fruit that induced parthenocarpy became smaller and shorter, and the content of soluble solids and titrable acid decreased. However, under the condition of no bagging, the number of seeds in fruit was significantly reduced by GA3 treatment. CPPU significantly increased the single fruit quality of the fruit, and the higher the concentration was, the more obvious the effect of expansion was. However, the GA3 treatment not only had no obvious effect on the fruit expansion of Actinidia arguta, but also had smaller fruit under high concentration. The effect of CPPU and GA3 treatment on the shape and quality of fruit were different between "Huanyou No.1" and "Kui Lü" varieties. The shape index of fruits treated with high concentration CPPU decreased significantly in the latter half of fruit growth.

关 键 词：软枣猕猴桃 植物生长调节剂 单性结实 无核化 果实膨大 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]