舌尖现象老化的认知机制  

The Cognitive Mechanism of the Tip-of-the-Tongue Aging

作　　者：毛晓飞 董薇[1] 魏存[1] 邓光辉[1] MAO Xiaofei;DONG Wei;WEI Cun;DENG Guanghui(Department of Psychology,The Second Military Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学心理系,上海200433

出　　处：《心理技术与应用》2019年第6期378-384,共7页Psychology(Techniques and Applications)

摘　　要：舌尖现象是老年人最常遭遇的言语表达功能障碍,对老年人的日常交流有不利的影响。舌尖现象老化机制仍然存在争论,传递不足理论认为年老化削弱了语义系统与语音系统之间的联结,语义信息难以传递到语音系统造成语音系统激活不足,但未详细阐述舌尖现象老化的具体机制。抑制不足理论认为舌尖现象老化与抑制功能的随龄衰退密切相关,但缺少直接的实验证据支持,也没有阐述清楚其老化机制。知识增长理论提出了新的解释视角,但研究证据存在分歧。本研究梳理了舌尖现象老化机制的相关研究,试图明确其老化机制并指出未来的研究方向。The tip-of-the-tongue(TOT)is the most common dilemma of speech error in older people s daily life,which will trigger negative influence on their social communication.The transmission deficit theory proposes that the connection between the semantic and phonological systems gets weak with aging,and the semantic information will become more and more difficult to transmit to the phonological system completely,resulting in the inaccessible of the speech.However,this model does not expound the concrete mechanism.The inhibition deficit theory suggests TOT is closely related to the age-related decline in inhibiting irrelevant information,but we could find little direct experimental evidence to support this hypothesis.Incremental-knowledge theory provides a new perspective to explain the reason of TOT aging.Future research need to focus on the underlying aging mechanism of TOT,so as to provide more effective intervention to resolve the social communication dilemma in older adults.

关 键 词：舌尖现象 老化机制 传递不足理论 抑制不足理论 知识增长理论 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]