金属锂原电池技术进展与未来  

Technical progress and future of lithium primary batteries

作　　者：袁中直[1] 刘金成 吕正中 祝媛 卜芳 YUAN Zhong-zhi;LIU Jin-cheng;LV Zheng-zhong;ZHU Yuan;BU Fang(School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Guangdong 510006, China;EVE Energy Co., Ltd., Huizhou Guangdong 516006, China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学化学与环境学院,广东广州510006 [2]惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司,广东惠州516006

出　　处：《电源技术》2019年第5期735-738,共4页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：近10年来中国锂原电池工艺技术取得了显著进步。在液态阴极锂电池制备技术方面,通过对多孔碳阴极的孔型与孔结构的有效控制,解决了多孔阴极制造过程中的结构不均匀性,实现了电池电化学性能的有效调控;同时开发了电压匹配的锂离子电池电容器,与锂原电池并联组合构成复合电源,有效解决了锂原电池因钝化造成的电压滞后难题,实现了高比能量和高比功率的完美结合;固态阴极锂电池技术方面,通过阴极材料改性、造粒等工艺,大幅提升了电池电化学性能和一致性;锂原电池制造水平也得到了大幅提升,基本实现了自动化和智能化制造。但是二次锂离子电池的发展也对锂原电池市场造成了一定的冲击,同时锂原电池的寿命预计方法及其可靠性,还需要进一步深入研究。In recent 10 years, remarkable progress has been made in lithium primary batteries technology in China. In the preparation technology of liquid cathode lithium batteries, by effectively controlling the pore shape and pore structure of porous carbon cathode, the structural heterogeneity in the manufacturing process of porous carbon cathode was solved, and the electrochemical performance of the batteries was effectively regulated. At the same time, a voltage-matched lithium-ion battery capacitor was developed, which was combined with lithium primary cell in parallel to form a composite battery, thus effectively solving the voltage delay problems caused by lithium passivation, realized the perfect combination of high energy density and high specific power. In the technology of solid-state cathode lithium battery, the electrochemical performance and consistency of the battery have been greatly improved through the modification of cathode material and granulation process. The manufacturing level of lithium primary battery has also been greatly improved, and the automation and intelligent manufacturing have basically been realized. However, the development of secondary lithium-ion batteries also has a certain impact on the market of lithium primary batteries. On the other hand, the life prediction method and reliability of lithium primary batteries deserve further study.

关 键 词：锂 原电池 钝化 电压滞后 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]