外泌体在癌症诊治中的作用与机制  

The role and mechanism of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer

作　　者：胡仁杰 张新宇[1] Hu Renjie;Zhang Xinyu(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Heilongjiang Harbin 150000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《现代肿瘤医学》2019年第12期2220-2223,共4页Journal of Modern Oncology

基　　金：黑龙江省博士后科研启动金资助(编号:LBHQ16164)

摘　　要：外泌体是一种新型的癌症生物标志物,它由所有体液中各种活细胞分泌的双层纳米囊泡构成,含有丰富的蛋白质、DNA、mRNA和非编码RNA。目前外泌体被认为是细胞间通讯的另一种机制,参与细胞间交换蛋白质、脂质和遗传物质。越来越多的研究表明,外泌体在肿瘤的发生、生长、进展、转移、耐药性和免疫逃逸中发挥重要作用。在本文中,我们根据外泌体生物学的最新进展,详细阐述了外泌体影响肿瘤之间通信的具体机制,并报道了外泌体可能成为癌症诊断中有前途的生物标志物,并代表癌症治疗的新靶点。Exosomes are a novel cancer biomarker composed of double-layered nanovesicles secreted by various living cells in all body fluids,rich in protein,DNA,mRNA and non-coding RNA.Exosomes are currently considered to be another mechanism of intercellular communication,involved in the exchange of proteins,lipids and genetic material between cells.More and more studies have shown that exosomes play an important role in tumorigenesis,growth,progression,metastasis,drug resistance and immune escape.In this article,we elaborated on the specific mechanisms by which exosomes affect communication between tumors based on recent advances in exosome biology.Finally,we report that exosomes may be promising biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and represent new targets for cancer treatment.

关 键 词：外泌体 癌症 诊断 生物标志物 治疗 

分 类 号：R730.4[医药卫生—肿瘤] R730.5[医药卫生—临床医学]