城市水文过程对气象环境影响的模拟分析  

Simulation analysis of urban hydrological process effect on meteorological environment

作　　者：李立 刘寿东[1,2] 王咏薇[1,2,3] 任侠[1,2,3] 王恪非 LI Li;LIU Shoudong;WANG Yongwei;REN Xia;WANG Keifei(Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education/ Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;College of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/大气环境中心,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/气象灾害教育部重点实验室,南京210044 [3]南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,南京210044

出　　处：《气象科学》2019年第2期247-255,共9页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41675016);教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(PCSIRT);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD);中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室开放课题(LAPC-KF-2018-09)

摘　　要：采用引入城市水文过程的WRF/SLUCM方案,以北京2010年7月4—6日高温热浪天气为背景,模拟了绿地灌溉、绿洲效应和人为潜热等水文过程对城市气象环境的影响。结果表明:(1)绿地灌溉、绿洲效应和人为潜热等水文过程可导致北京城区13 ∶00(7月4—6日小时平均,下同)潜热通量升高最多约100 W·m^-2 ,02 ∶00升高最多约15 W·m^-2;感热通量13 ∶00降低最多约80 W·m ^-2;02 ∶00降低最多约5 W·m^-2 。(2)城市水文过程可导致城区13 ∶00相对湿度增加最多约4%,02 ∶00约6%;地表气温13 ∶00降低最多约1.2 ℃,02 ∶00约0.4 ℃。(3)城市水文过程对北京城市热岛强度的减弱效果白天明显好于夜间,且在10 ∶00—14 ∶00出现了强度约0.8 ℃的冷岛效应。(4)水文过程会导致北京城区500 m高度以下白天大气温度最多降低0.5 ℃,相对湿度最多增加3%,但夜间影响较小。由于热对流运动的减弱,城区边界层高度降低约200 m;城区1 km高度以上水平风速增大,低层风速减小。This paper simulates the effect of urban hydrological processes such as green irrigation, oasis effect and artificial latent heat in Beijing on the urban meteorological environment, using the WRF/SLUCM scheme during a lasting heat wave on July 4-6, 2010. The results are shown as follows.(1) The model can improve the latent heat flux up to 100 W ·m ^-2 at 13 ∶00, and 15 W ·m ^-2 at 02 ∶00, and the sensible heat flux decreases up to 80 W ·m^-2 at 13 ∶00, and 5 W ·m ^-2 at 02 ∶00.(2) The model can improve the relative humidity up to 4% at 13 ∶00, and 6% at 02 ∶00, and the surface temperature drops 1.2 ℃ at most at 13 ∶00, and 0.4 ℃ at 02 ∶00.(3) The weakening effect of urban hydrological process on the urban heat island in Beijing is significantly weaker during the day than at night, and a cold island effect with an intensity value of 0.8 ℃ occurred at 10 ∶00-14 ∶ 00.(4) The urban hydrological processes cause the air temperature decreases by 0.5 ℃ at most and the relative humidity increases by 3% below 500 m during the day in urban areas. Due to poor thermal convective motion, the boundary layer height decreases at about 200 m;the wind speed increases above 1 km, while the wind speed reduces in the lower layer.

关 键 词：WRF/SLUCM方案 城市水文过程 气象要素 边界层结构 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]