环境民事公益诉讼救济客体之厘清  

Clarification of the Object of Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation

作　　者：薄晓波[1] BO Xiao-bo

机构地区：[1]江南大学法学院

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第3期29-41,共13页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"环境民事公益诉讼制度完善研究"(15CFX018)

摘　　要：原告起诉资格扩张是环境民事公益诉讼的重要表征,但其背后真正起决定性作用的因素却是环境民事公益诉讼所救济客体的特殊性。环境污染或生态破坏行为可能单纯地引起环境生态价值受损,也可能同时致使自然资源经济价值受到侵害,还可能进一步造成他人人身、财产权益的侵害,由此可能引发社会公共利益、国家利益和个体利益这三种利益单一的或复合的受到损害,包括纯粹的生态损害、国有自然资源财产权损害及个体人身、财产权益损害等。要对这些权益进行救济,就可能需要在同一个环境污染或生态破坏行为发生后提起不同类型的诉讼,其中,环境民事公益诉讼制度应当仅仅用以救济纯粹的生态损害,相应的,纯粹的生态损害也应当仅由环境公益诉讼制度予以救济。厘清环境民事公益诉讼救济客体是正确认识环境民事公益诉讼概念的根本性问题,也是理顺环境受损时各种诉讼制度体系的重要基础。The expansion of the range of plaintiffs that can bring civil actions is a significant characteristic of environmental civil public interest litigation,but the decisive factor is the particularity of the object of environmental civil public interest litigation.Environmental pollution or ecological damage may simply cause damage to an environmental elements’ ecological value.However,it may also impact the economic value of the natural resources, and may also be detrimental to the personal health or properties. Therefore, it can result in unitary or multiple damages to the public, state and individual interests, which include pure ecological destruction,damage to the property rights of state-owned natural resources,and damage to individual physical and property rights.To remedy these rights,it may be necessary to file different types of lawsuits after behavior resulting in environmental pollution or ecological damage occurs.The environmental public interest civil litigation system should exclusively be used to relieve pure ecological damage.Clarifying the object of environmental civil public interest litigation is fundamental to the correct understanding of the concept of this kind of litigation and an indispensable basis for clarifying various litigation systems relieving the environmental damage.

关 键 词：环境民事公益诉讼 环境 自然资源 国家利益 社会公共利益 

分 类 号：D925.104[政治法律—诉讼法学]