渤海北部典型芳香烃类化合物污染状况及生态风险评价  

Pollution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Typical Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Northern Bohai Sea

作　　者：吴金浩[1,2] 王莹 张玉凤[1,2] 王摆[1,2] 宋伦 王志松[1,2] Wu Jinhao;Wang Ying;Zhang Yufeng;Wang Bai;Song Lun;Wang Zhisong(Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Dalian 116023,China;Liaoning Ocean Environment Monitoring Station,Dalian 116023,China;National Marine Environment Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,大连116023 [2]辽宁省海洋环境监测总站,大连116023 [3]国家海洋环境监测中心,大连116023

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2019年第1期180-188,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金指导计划项目(201602409);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20180551207);辽宁省海洋与渔业科研项目(201824)

摘　　要：为探究渤海北部海上油气区及周边近岸海域典型芳香烃类化合物污染状况,2015年5月现场采集了32个站位的海水样品,针对7种苯系物(BTEX)和17种多环芳烃(PAHs)进行测定,并采用商值法和毒性当量法对污染物开展单一和联合生态风险评估。结果显示,研究海域海水中7种苯系物总含量范围为65.1~222.6ng·L^-1,以甲苯含量最高,表层含量略低于底层,油气区平均含量低于周边近岸,受到陆源污染输入的影响特征明显。表层海水中ΣPAHs含量范围为98.9~356.0ng·L^-1,平均值为184.5ng·L^-1,以低环芳烃占优势,总体处于中等水平,比值法判定该海域PAHs可能主要来源于石油及其加工产品。该海域海水中苯并(a)芘的风险商RQ值大于0.1,表现出低度风险,其余3种处于可接受水平。4种芳香烃类化合物联合生态风险等级为低度风险,对生态系统具有潜在的不利影响,但不同区域仍存在一定差异性,海上石油开采与陆源输入是影响该海域个别区域生态风险较高的重要因素。Occurrence of typical aromatic hydrocarbons near oil and gas areas and their surroundings in northern Bohai Sea was investigated in May 2015.Seawater samples collected in 32 sampling sites were analyzed with the concentration measurement of 7 benzene and its derivatives (BTEXs) and 17 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).A single and joint ecological risk assessment of studied chemicals was performed by risk quotient method and toxicity equivalent method.Our present results demonstrated that the total concentration of BTEXs ranged from 65.1 ng·L^-1 to 222.6 ng·L^-1 in the seawater of the study area,among which toluene was the highest one.Furthermore,their concentration in surface water was slightly lower than that in the bottom,and the average concentration of them near the oil and gas areas was lower than the surroundings,which was affected by land-based inputs.The total concentration of PAHs in the surface seawater ranged from 98.9 ng·L^-1 to 356.0 ng·L^-1,with an average value of 184.5 ng·L^-1.Compared with other regions,PAH pollution was generally at a medium level with the lower number ring ones as major components.The risk quotient method indicated that the PAHs in this area might mainly come from petroleum and its processed products.The risk quotient (RQ) of benzo(a)pyrene in the waters was higher than 0.1,showing a low risk,and the concentrations of the other three compounds were at an acceptable level.The joint ecological risk of the four aromatic hydrocarbons was low with the existence of some differences in different regions,which had potential adverse effects on the ecosystem.The offshore oil exploitation and terrestrial source inputs were important factors affecting the ecological risks of aromatic hydrocarbons in this sea.

关 键 词：苯系物 多环芳烃 渤海北部 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]