尼龙刷刮擦机械损伤建立大鼠良性气管狭窄模型的研究  

Establishment of a benign tracheal stenosis model in rats by nylon brush scraping induced mechanical injury

作　　者：陈思 张伟 宁允叶 董宇超 李强 白冲 CHEN Si;ZHANG Wei;NING Yunye;DONG Yuchao;LI Qiang;BAI Chong(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Naval Medical University, Changhai Hospital,Shanghai 200433,P.R.China;Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Dongfang Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学附属第一医院长海医院呼吸与危重症医学科,上海200433 [2]同济大学附属东方医院呼吸与危重症医学科,上海200120

出　　处：《中国呼吸与危重监护杂志》2019年第3期265-270,共6页Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81570019,81873405)

摘　　要：目的采用硬质尼龙刷刮擦机械损伤的方式,建立一种简单、稳定的良性气管狭窄大鼠模型,并观察造模后不同时间点气管组织的病理改变。方法按随机数字法将20只SD大鼠分为伪手术对照组(10只)与狭窄模型组(10只),观察生存情况,获取气管组织,观察肉芽组织增生情况,测算并比较狭窄度;同期另取15只大鼠进行实验造模,于造模后不同时间点(第0、2、4、6、8 d)处死并获取气管组织,行HE染色和Masson染色,观察病理改变。结果伪手术组术后第8d存活率为100%,狭窄模型组术后第8d存活率为0%,两组生存情况比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.000 1)。伪手术组的狭窄度为(6.12±1.78)%,狭窄模型组的狭窄度为(60.28±12.56)%,两组之间的狭窄度差异有统计学意义(P<0.000 1)。HE染色见伪手术组气管管腔通畅,上皮黏膜组织完整而光滑,纤毛结构清晰可见,为假复层纤毛柱状上皮,符合正常大气道黏膜的特征,未发现有肉芽组织增生或管腔狭窄。模型组机械损伤后,可见管腔显著狭窄,狭窄成分主要为增生的肉芽组织,未见上皮结构或上皮结构极度异常。Masson染色见损伤部位的成纤维细胞呈先增多后下降趋势,损伤部位的胶原纤维随着时间而逐渐增多。结论采用硬质尼龙刷刮擦机械损伤的方式可成功建立气管狭窄模型。该造模方法操作简单、可控性强、重复性好,可作为良性气道狭窄致病机制研究和新药疗效探索的可靠实验载体。Objective To establish a simple and stable model of benign tracheal stenosis in SD rats by nylon brush scraping induced mechanical injury, and to observe the pathological changes of tracheal tissue at different time points after modeling. Methods Twenty SD rats were divided into sham operation group(10 rats) and stenosis model group(10 rats) by random number method. Symptoms and survival conditions were observed, tracheal tissues were obtained, granulation tissue proliferation was observed, and stenosis indexes were measured and compared. Another fifteen rats were sacrificed at different time points(days 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8) after modeling. Tracheal tissues were obtained,HE staining and Masson staining were performed to observe pathological changes with time. Results The survival rate of the sham operation group was 100% on the 8 th day after operation, and the survival rate was 0% on the 8 th day after operation in the stenosis model group. The difference in survival condition between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.000 1) by Log-rank test. The stenosis index in the sham operation group was(6.12±1.78)%, and in the stenosis model group was(60.28±12.56)%. The difference in the stenosis between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.000 01). HE staining results showed that the tracheal lumen was unobstructed and no granulation tissue hyperplasia or stenosis was found in the sham operation group. The epithelial mucosa was intact and smooth, and the ciliastructure was clearly visible. It was a pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium, which was consistent with the characteristics of normal airway mucosa. While in stenosis model group, the lumen was significantly narrowed, and the stenosis was mainly caused by granulation tissue hyperplasia. No epithelial structure was observed, or epithelial structure was extremely abnormal. Masson staining showed that the fibroblasts in the injured site increased first and then decreased,and the collagenous fiber(blue) in the injured site gradually i

关 键 词：机械损伤 良性气管狭窄 动物模型 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生] R56