害怕、惊讶与厌恶情境中幼儿情绪表达策略差异  

Usage Difference of Emotional Expression Strategy with Emotional Situation of Fear, Surprise and Disgust for 4～6-year-old Kids

作　　者：王军利 李雪梅 吴东女 吴慧源 Junli Wang;Xuemei Li;Dongnv Wu;Huiyuan Wu(Faculty of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004 China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Education Hall Kindergarten, Nanning 530022 China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学教育学部,桂林541004 [2]广西壮族自治区教育厅幼儿园,南宁530022

出　　处：《学前教育研究》2019年第5期43-50,共8页Studies in Early Childhood Education

基　　金：国家社科基金教育学青年课题"幼儿在六种基本情绪情境中情绪表达规则认知发展的追踪研究"(编号:CHA150177)

摘　　要：本研究运用改进后的工具测量208名4～6岁幼儿在害怕、惊讶和厌恶三种情境中的情绪表达策略,结果发现4～6岁幼儿更倾向于掩饰和弱化自己的害怕和厌恶情绪,综合运用掩饰、夸大和弱化等策略调节惊讶情绪;幼儿在害怕和厌恶情境中使用情绪表达策略的总次数多于惊讶情境,尤其是掩饰策略的使用次数明显多于惊讶情境,但夸大策略的使用次数少于惊讶情境;幼儿使用情绪表达策略的能力随年龄的增长而逐渐提高,4～5岁是其发展的关键阶段;弱化策略运用较多,仅次于掩饰策略,使用最少的是平静化策略。成人应及时了解幼儿的真实情绪,把握幼儿情绪表达策略的发展特点,为幼儿创设可利用的支持性环境,综合采取多种方法提升幼儿的情绪调节能力。The improved tool was used to measure the emotional expression strategies of 208 children aged 4~6 years in GL City A kindergarten in the three situations of fear,surprise and disgust. It is found that children aged 4 ~6 are more inclined to mask and weaken their fear and disgust,and use masking,exaggeration and weakening to adjust their surprise;In the fear and disgusting situation,children use the emotional expression strategy more often than the surprise situation,especially masking is obviously more than the surprise situation,but the exaggerated strategy is less than the surprise situation;The 4~6 years old children’s emotional expression strategy is able to use with the increase of age,it gradually increases.4~5 years old is the key stage of its development;Weakening is used more,and only after the masking,the least used is calming. Therefore,adults should understand the true emotions of young children in a timely manner,provide them with better support and protection;grasp the key stages of the development of children’s emotional expression strategies, create a supportive environment that can be used, and comprehensively adopt various methods to promote children’s emotional adjustment ability.

关 键 词：情绪表达策略 害怕情境 惊讶情境 厌恶情境 

分 类 号：B844.12[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]