4周加压训练对男子手球运动员身体成分和最大力量的影响  

Effect of 4 Weeks KAATSU Training on Body Composition and Maximum Strength of Male Handball Players

作　　者：李志远 赵之光[2] 王明波[2] 陈冲 魏文哲[2] 梁永杰 LI Zhiyuan;ZHAO Zhiguang;WANG Mingbo;CHEN Chong;WEI Wenzhe;LIANG Yongjie(Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;Beijing Institute of Sports Sciences,Beijing 100075,China;Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学,福建福州350117 [2]北京市体育科学研究所,北京100075 [3]首都体育学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2019年第5期37-43,共7页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：北京市体育局资助项目(2019BTP006)

摘　　要：目的:探讨4周加压力量训练对男子手球运动员身体成分、身体围度和最大力量的影响。方法:募集16名男子手球运动员,随机分为对照组和加压组,每组各8名运动员,对照组进行70%1RM高强度抗阻训练,加压组进行30%1RM低强度加压抗阻训练,运动员在加压和传统高强度条件下完成深蹲、硬拉、负重弓箭步和抗阻跑练习。比较4周训练前后身体成分指标、上下肢和躯干围度指标,以及卧推、深蹲、核心肌群最大力量指标的变化。结果:1)4周训练后,加压组体重增加显著(P<0.05),肌肉量和体脂量均增加,但未出现显著性差异(P>0.05);2)4周训练后,加压组左、右大腿围和臀围显著增加(P<0.05);3)4周训练后,加压组左、右膝屈曲峰力矩显著增大(P<0.05);4)4周训练后,加压组在核心肌群的屈、伸、向左右侧屈和左右旋转的最大力量均出现了不同程度的增加,其中,向左、向右侧屈和向右旋转最大力量与实验前相比,出现显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:4周低强度加压力量训练对男子手球运动员身体成分的影响效果与传统训练相当,而对膝关节等速肌力、部分核心肌群的最大力量方面的影响效果明显优于传统增肌训练。Objective:To explore the effect of 4 weeks KAATSU training on body composition,circumference and maximum strength of male handball players,in order to provide certain theoretical basis and practical reference for the popularization of KAATSU training in sports teams on a large scale.Methods:16 elite male handball players were recruited and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.The players in the control group were trained with 70%1RM traditional high-intensity training method,while the experimental group was trained under 30%1RM low-intensity KAATSU training.The players completed squat,hard pull,weight lunge and resistant running under KAATSU and traditional high-intensity training.Before and after 4 weeks training,body composition index,circumference index of trunk and upper and lower limbs,as well as bench press,squat,core muscle group maximum strength index were compared.Results:1)after 4 weeks,the weight of KAATSU group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the amount of muscle and body fat increased slightly,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05);2)after 4 weeks,the circumference of left and right thighs and hip of KAATSU group were significantly increased(P<0.05);3)after 4 weeks of training,the peak moment of left and right knees flexion were increased significantly in the KAATSU group(P<0.05);4)after 4 weeks of training,the maximum strength of core muscle group flexion,extension,left and right flexion and left and right rotation in the KAATSU group were increased to different degrees,among which the maximum strength of left,right flexion and right rotation were significantly different than before(P<0.05).Conclusion:The effect of low-intensity KAATSU training for 4 weeks on the body composition of male handball players is similar to that of traditional training,while the effect on the isokinetic muscle strength of knee joint and the maximum strength of part of core muscle group are obviously better than that of traditional training.

关 键 词：加压训练 男子手球运动员 身体成分 身体围度 最大力量 

分 类 号：G808.12[文化科学—体育训练]