硫肥类型和不同用量对甘草苗根系生长特征的影响  

Effects of Different Sulfur Fertilizer Types and Amounts on Root Growth Characteristics of Glycyrrhiza uralensis during Seedling Stage

作　　者：阿依夏木.沙吾尔 张凯[1] 胡雨彤 穆特力铺.吐热克 AYIXIAML Shawuer;ZHANG Kai;HU Yu-long;MUTELIPL Tureke(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes,College of Grassland & Environment Science,Xinjiang Agricultural I -niversity,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆土壤与植物生态过程实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中药材》2018年第10期2266-2271,共6页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41361069)

摘　　要：目的:明确硫肥类型和不同施用量对甘草苗期根系生长发育及品质成分的影响。方法:在新疆天山北麓的草甸盐土上设置田间小区试验,施用四种硫肥:硫磺粉、硫酸钙、硫酸铵和硫酸钾,每种硫肥又设低水平、中水平、偏高水平和高水平。结果:对甘草一年生实生苗根干重、根长、根直径、总黄酮和总糖等指标的肥效均为硫酸铵>硫酸钾>硫酸钙>硫磺粉,且均在偏高水平肥效最高,随施肥量增加,以上指标均表现先增加后降低的趋势。四种硫肥对根重、根长、根直径及甘草酸、甘草苷、总黄酮、总糖的肥效均达显著水平(P<0.05)。硫酸铵偏高水平处理根长73.72 cm,比CK长42.41 cm;根直径8.34 mm,比CK粗5.33 mm;根干重445.24 kg/hm^2,比CK多290.03 kg/hm^2;甘草酸含量3.85%,比CK(0.85%)高出3.00%;甘草苷含量1.58%,比CK(0.32%)高出1.26%;总黄酮含量2.49%,比CK(0.95%)高出1.54%;总糖含量达9.92%,比CK(3.73%)高出6.19%。结论:在碱性土壤地区的甘草苗期生产中,建议选取本试验硫酸铵偏高水平施用量,次为硫酸钾偏高水平施用量,即在施用农家有机肥3 500 kg/hm^2、三料磷肥153.33 kg/hm^2和尿素200 kg/hm^2基础上,施用硫酸铵285.60 kg/hm^2;或施用硫酸钾376.76 kg/hm^2。Objective:To study the impacts of different sulfurfertilizer types and amounts on root growth,development and quality components of Glycyrrhiza uralensis during seedling stage.Methods:Field plot experiments were set up on the meadow salt soil at the northern foot of Tianshan mountain,Xinjiang.The effects of four sulfur fertilizer types(sulfur powder,calcium sulfate,ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate)and amounts(low,intermediate,the higher and high levels)on the root growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis during seedling stage were studied.Results:The effects of sulfur fertilizer types on the root dry matter,root length,root diameter,total flavonoids and total carbohydrate of Glycyrrhiza uralensis annual seedlings were listed as follows:ammonium sulfate>potassium sulfate>calcium sulfate>sulfur powder.All of them had the highest fertilizer efficiency at the higher level.With the increase of fertilizer amount,the root dry matter,root length,root diameter,total flavonoids and total carbohydrate firstly increased,and then decreased.The effects of fertilizer type on root dry matter,root length,root diameter and the antents of glycyrrhizic acid,liquiritin,total flavonoids and total carbohydrate were extremely significantly level(P<0.05).Under the higher level of ammonium sulfate treatment,the root length,root diameter and root dry matter were 73.72 cm,8.34 mm and 445.24 kg/hm^2,which were 42.41 cm,5.33 mm,290.03 kg/hm^2 higher than CK treatment,the antents of glycyrrhizic acid,liquiritin,total flavonoids and total carbohydrate were 3.85%,1.58%,2.49% and 9.92%,which was 3.00%,1.26%,1.54%,6.19% higher than 0.85%,0.32%,0.95%,3.73% of CK treatment,respectively.Conclusion:In the Glycyrrhiza uralensis seedling production in alkaline soil area,it is suggested to select the application amount of ammonium sulfate at a higher level,and then the application amount of potassium sulfate at a higher level.The application amount is 285.60 kg/hm^2 with ammonium sulfate or 376.76 kg/hm^2 with potassium sulfate on the basis of the applicati

关 键 词：硫肥类型 施用量 甘草苗根 生育指标 品质指标 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]