旋转密封两种热失稳现象的表征建模与特性研究  

Modeling Research on Characteristics of Two Types of Thermal Instability for Rotary Seal

作　　者：宫燃[1] 程志高 徐宜[2] 张玉东[2] 张鹤[2] GONG Ran;CHENG Zhigao;XU Yi;ZHANG Yudong;ZHANG He(School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013;China North Vehicle Research Institute,Beijing 100072)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,镇江212013 [2]中国北方车辆研究所,北京100072

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2019年第9期55-62,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675238);中国博士后科学基金(2017M610301);江苏大学科技项目青年扶持基金(FCJJ005)资助项目

摘　　要：在车辆传动系统中的密封环,热失稳现象明显,为掌握热失稳的形成规律和影响机制,针对不同材料的密封环,进行热失稳建模计算与试验研究。根据密封环热失稳现象的特点,分别对局部高温热带和高温热点两种热失稳现象进行建模,基于伽辽金有限元方法,构建热-结构的耦合模型,把非均匀分布物理场及其扰动问题,转换为矩阵行列式进行求解,获得了不同密封材料发生热失稳的临界速度值。随着摩擦因数的增大,密封材料热失稳的临界速度值有下降的趋势。利用自主设计的密封环试验台进行试验分析和模型验证,设计了密封环局部高温热带和热点的试验验证方法,考察了聚酰亚胺和铜基粉末冶金材料密封环的热失稳试验过程,试验与计算结果具有一致性。对试验后的密封环,通过扫描电子显微镜观察密封表面形貌,符合局部高温热带和热点的特征,表明了密封环热失稳建模计算的有效性。Thermal instability phenomenon on the sealing ring in the transmission of vehicle is obvious.In order to obtain the formation rules and influence mechanisms of the thermal instability,the modeling calculations and experiments are conducted for different sealing materials.According to the thermal instability characteristics of the sealing ring,the models of local hot bandings and hot spots are built respectively.Based on the Galerkin finite element method,the thermal-structural coupling model is built,and the equations of non-uniform physical fields and their perturbations are transformed into the determinants of matrixes and calculated.The critical speeds of the thermal instability are obtained.The critical speeds of the thermal instability decrease with the increase of the frictional coefficient.Experimental investigations are performed in the sealing performance test rig.A test verification method for local hot banding and hot spot is proposed to investigate the thermal instability for the polyimide and copper-base powder metallurgy sealing materials.The test results are consistent with the calculated results.The scanning electron microscopy is utilized to examine the surface morphology of the sealing rings after the tests,which agrees well with the characteristics of hot bandings and hot spots.The numerical and experimental results indicate the effectiveness of the thermal instability model of sealing rings.

关 键 词：热失稳 密封环 高温热带 高温热点 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]