“析骨还父,析肉还母”——中国美学中的“活东西”  

“Cutting the Bone to Return the Father and Cutting the Flesh to Return the Mother” : The “Living Thing” in Chinese Aesthetics

作　　者：潘知常[1,2] PAN Zhichang(Nanjing University)

机构地区：[1]南京大学 [2]南京大学城市形象传播研究中心

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2019年第3期183-193,F0003,共12页Journal Of CUPL

摘　　要：中国美学的重建,首先亟待进行的就是正本清源,把充满生命活力的中国美学的"活东西"释放出来。中西美学之间只存在着一种互相对话、彼此阐发的关系,无法强分高下。对"人是目的"的共同价值的追求,也存在于中国文化中。中国的审美与艺术存在着两大美学传统:"忧世"与"忧生"的美学传统。后者即"为文学而生活"的美学传统,也是"吟咏情性"的传统,《山海经》到《红楼梦》代表这一美学传统。审美与艺术就是人类灵魂的表情,其目标就是造就人自己,此所谓"因审美,而自由"。把握"忧生"这一美学传统,才有可能准确把握中国美学的过去,也才有可能准确把握中国的美学的现在与未来。也只有它,才是经过了"析骨还父,析肉还母"的中国美学的"活东西",才是鲁迅所期冀的"指示着将来的命运"的"中国的灵魂"。To reconstruct Chinese aesthetics, the first thing that needs to be done is to return to a rational way of thinking in order to release the "living things" of Chinese aesthetics. Instead of a competitive relation, there is only a mutual dialogue and elucidation between Chinese and Western aesthetics. The pursuit of the common value of "people are the purpose" also exists in Chinese culture. There are two major aesthetic traditions in China’s aesthetics and art: "concerning about the world" and "caring about life". The latter is equal to the aesthetic tradition of "living for the literature" and the tradition of "to sing what is in the heart", which is represented by literary works from "Shan Hai Jing" to "A Dream of Red Mansions". Aesthetics and art are the expressions of the human soul, and their goal is to create people’s ego. This is called "freedom out of aesthetics." Correct understanding of the aesthetic tradition of "caring about life" is the premise of accurate comprehension of the past, the present and the future of Chinese aesthetics. And only the aesthetic tradition of "caring about life" is the "living thing" in Chinese aesthetics after "Cutting the bone to return the father and cutting the flesh to return the mother", and the "China’s soul" indicating the fate of the future that Lu Xun once longed for.

关 键 词：中国美学传统"忧世" "忧生" "人是目的"爱 

分 类 号：B83-0[哲学宗教—美学]