C类飞机起落架收放机构运动学建模及仿真  

The Kinematics Modeling and Simulation of Retraction Mechanism of Class C Aircraft Landing Gear

作　　者：王立文 刘冰 孙艳坤[1] 张威[1,2] WANG Li-wen;LIU Bing;SUN Yan-kun;ZHANG Wei(College of Aeronautical Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;Aviation Ground Special Equipment Research Base,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学航空工程学院,天津300300 [2]中国民航地面特种设备研究基地,天津300300

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2019年第A01期108-113,共6页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会与中国民航局联合资助项目(U1533103);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(3122017032,Y17-05)

摘　　要：民航中型机,即C类飞机,是目前飞机市场保有量最大、需求最旺盛的飞机类型。作为飞机最重要的活动部件,飞机起落架的机构建模及仿真,是进行虚拟现实、飞机冲击动力学分析、拦阻系统设计及飞机滑行电驱动改装研究等工作的重要前序环节。针对现有C类飞机起落架机构模型过简化及运动仿真问题,该研究报告了一种更为精确完整的C类飞机主起落架系统的建模和收放运动仿真过程。基于多次现场测绘结果及飞机型号手册的查阅,获得了高精度尺寸参数及机构拓扑关系;分析了收放作动筒与起落架各连杆机构的运动关系,通过闭环矢量理论建模求解得到了各连杆的速度和加速度的理论公式,对起落架整体空间收放机构虚拟建模及多环境仿真,得到了起落架各个构件在收放运动过程及不同姿态下的角度、速度和加速度变化规律;通过Adams的仿真验证了数学模型的正确性。该研究所建立的精确化C类飞机主起落架数字模型将为后续虚拟维护培训、起落架各项研究及设计改装提供基础工具。Medium-sized civil aircraft, that is C-Class aircraft, has the largest amount of customers in world of aircraft market presently. As the most important active part of the aircraft, mechanism modeling and simulation of Aircraft landing gear is an important preceding step of virtual reality, impact dynamics analysis, blocking system design and electric drive modification research on aircraft taxiing. Considering over-simplification of existing C-Class aircraft landing gear mechanism and its unreal motion simulation, a more accurate and complete C-Class aircraft landing gear system modeling and simulation process is herein reported. Based on many times on-site mapping and aircraft manuals, high-precision dimension parameters and the topological relations of aircraft landing gear mechanism are obtained and built-up. With closed-loop vector theory analytical computation, modeling and multi-environmental simulation, the theoretical formula of velocities and accelerations of each rod is obtained. Also, variations of angles, velocities and accelerations of various components of landing gear are clearly depicted in process of retraction motion and under different attitudes;The correctness of the mathematical model and its computation in Matlab is verified by a virtual prototype simulation in ADAMS. The proposed numerical model of C-Class aircraft main landing gear will provide the basic analytic tool for virtual maintenance training and the successive researches.

关 键 词：飞机起落架 机构运动学 收放运动 闭环矢量 多环境仿真 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]