印度块菌在我国东北地区的分布及其生态学意义  

Distribution of Tuber indicum in Northeastern China and Its Ecological Significance

作　　者：李佳梅 刘培贵[2] 乔鹏[3] 唐燕静 李杨 陈娟[1] 郭顺星[1] LI Jiamei;LIU Peigui;QIAO peng;TANG Yanjing;LI Yang;CHEN Juan;GUO Shunxing(Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100193 , China;Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography for East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming , Yunnan 650204 , China;Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yantai Shandong 264002 China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193 [2]中国科学院昆明植物研究所东亚植物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室,云南昆明650204 [3]山东省蚕业研究所,山东烟台264002

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2019年第2期97-105,I0001,共10页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81573527、31500016);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1701900);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2014CB138304)

摘　　要：通过形态学观察和系统发育分析我国东北地区黑龙江省和辽宁省采集的块菌属(Tuber)标本。结果表明:该“黑块菌”在形态特征上与印度块菌(T.indicum)较为相近,在系统发育树上均位于印度块菌复合群所在的分支,但采自黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市和牡丹江市的样品分别位于不同的亚分支,辽宁省朝阳市的样品与齐齐哈尔地区的样品亲缘关系更近。结合宿主植物与地理位置等数据,本文将其定义为印度块菌的不同地理生态型。本研究是印度块菌在黑龙江省的首次发现,拓宽了对印度块菌资源分布范围的认识,对深入研究块菌属生物多样性与地理分布型及指导菌根合成、人工种植均具有较重要的科学意义。Tuber specimens were collected from Heilongjiang and Liaoning provinces in northeastern China and analyzed by morphological observation and phylogenetic methods. The results showed that the morphological characteristics of the "black truffles" resembled those of T. indicum, and they were clustered into a general branch of T. indicum in phylogenetic tree. However, the samples from Qiqihar and Mudanjiang in Heilongjiang Province were in different sub-branches, and the samples from Chaoyang City in Liaoning Province were more closely related to the samples from Qiqihar area. Concerning the host plants and geographical locations, our study identified those truffles as two new ecotypes of T. indicum. This study is the first discovery of T. indicum in Heilongjiang. It broadens the understanding of the distribution of T. indicum resources in China, and is of great scientific significance to further study the biodiversity and geographical distribution patterns of Tuber and to guide mycorrhizal synthesis and cultivation.

关 键 词：印度块菌 东北地区 资源分布 系统发育 

分 类 号：S567.3[农业科学—中草药栽培]