CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术在大型真菌研究中的应用现状  

Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Macrofungi Research

作　　者：徐瑞平 周雁[1] 边银丙[1] XU Ruiping;ZHOU Yan;BIAN Yinbing(Institude of Applied Mycology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院应用真菌研究所

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2019年第2期119-127,共9页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31672211);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(2662014BQ011);湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2016ABA100)

摘　　要：大型真菌与人类生活密切相关,但大部分大型真菌缺乏高效的遗传操作系统,极大地影响了功能基因功能分析及遗传改良研究。近年来CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术发展迅速,已经成为生命科学研究领域不可或缺的技术之一。笔者概述了CRISPR/Cas系统的结构类型及CRISPR/Cas9系统作用机理,介绍了CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术在大型真菌研究中的应用现状,并针对Cas9和sgRNA的表达、遗传转化策略、靶位点选择等影响编辑效率的关键问题进行了分析讨论,旨在为该技术在大型真菌研究中的应用提供参考。Macrofungi are closely connected to human life. However, most macrofungi lack efficient genetic manipulation system, which has greatly affected its gene function analysis and genetic improvement. Recently, CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology has developed rapidly and has become one of the indispensable technologies in life sciences. This paper summarizes the classification of CRISPR/Cas systems and the gene editing mechanism of CRISPR/Cas9. It introduces the current progress of applying CRISPR/Cas9 in macrofungi research. In addition, the critical factors influencing gene editing efficiency were analyzed and discussed, such as expression of Cas9 and sgRNA, genetic transformation strategy and target selection. This review provides a reference for more applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in macrofungi.

关 键 词：食用菌 药用菌 CRISPR/Cas结构类型 CRISPR/Cas9系统作用机理 CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术应用现状 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]