后牙区短种植体(≤6 mm)单冠修复3～5年临床效果评价  

Clinical outcomes over 3-5 years of short implant(≤6 mm) supporting single crown in posterior jaws

作　　者：莫嘉骥[1] 乔士冲[1] 张枭[1] 朱钰[1] 张晓梦[1] 史俊宇 钱姝娇 赖红昌[1] MO Jia-ji;QIAO Shi-chong;ZHANG Xiao;ZHU Yu;ZHANG Xiao-meng;SHI Jun-yu;QIAN Shu-jiao;LAI Hong -chang(Department of Implant Dentistry,Shanghai Ninth People 5 Hospital,College of Stomatology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院·口腔医学院口腔种植科国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心上海市口腔医学重点实验室上海市口腔医学研究所

出　　处：《中国口腔颌面外科杂志》2019年第3期235-239,共5页China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81470782、8177116)

摘　　要：目的:评价后牙区短种植体支持单冠修复的临床效果。方法:收集随访时间为3~5年的118颗短种植体(骨内长度≤6 mm)支持单冠修复体的临床和影像学数据。评价指标为种植体留存率、种植体周围骨吸收、技术并发症和生物学并发症,同时分析种植体失败的相关因素。采用SPSS 17.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:总计9颗种植体和15颗修复体失败。种植体5年累积留存率为92.4%。在Ⅳ类骨中植入短种植体失败率高于Ⅰ~Ⅲ类骨,其留存率为80.0%,修复体5年留存率为94.9%。在最终牙冠戴入后至5年随访时的平均骨吸收为(0.63±0.68)mm,边缘骨吸收在第1年为(0.63±0.10)mm。9颗(7.6%)种植体发生生物学并发症,15颗(12.7%)种植体发生技术并发症。结论:短种植体支持单冠修复3~5年留存率高,未见严重的边缘骨吸收和并发症,在垂直骨高度不足时是可选择的治疗方案。短种植体的长期临床效果有待观察,在Ⅳ类骨中植入仍需谨慎。PURPOSE:To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes over 3-5 years of short implants supporting single crown in the posterior jaws. METHODS: The clinical and radiographic data of 118 short implants(intra-bony length≤6 mm) supporting single crown were collected 3-5 years after restoration. Implant and prosthesis failures, periimplant marginal bone loss, biological and technical complications were evaluated. The influencial factors on implant failure were also evaluated. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software package. RESULTS: Nine implants and 15 protheses failed. The 5-year cumulative survival rate was 92.4%. The short implant placed in type Ⅳ bone yielded more failure than in typeⅠ-Ⅲ and presented a survival rate of 80%. The mean marginal bone loss between crown installation and the 5 th year follow-up visit was(0.63±0.68)mm. The marginal bone loss in the first year was(0.63±0.10)mm, without significant difference. Nine(7.6%) implants were exposed to biological complications, whereas 15(12.7%) implants suffered from technical complications. CONCLUSIONS: High survival rates could be achieved over 3-5 years for short implants supporting single crown. However, long term outcomes of short implants is still scarce and caution should be taken when short implants are planned at the type Ⅳ bone.

关 键 词：并发症 种植体 短种植体 单冠 留存率分析 

分 类 号：R782.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]