沈北新区不同利用类型土壤脲酶活性及其影响因素分析  

Change characteristics and influencing factors of soil urease activity in different types of land in Shenyang North New Area

作　　者：李冰 李玉双 陈琳 魏建兵 史荣久[2] 宋雪英 周纪东[2] 侯永侠 刘厶瑶 LI Bing;LI Yushuang;CHEN Lin;WEI Jianbing;SHI Rongjiu;SONG Xuying;ZHOU Jidong;HOU Yongxia;LIU Siyao(Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-Remediation of Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China;Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China)

机构地区：[1]区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室,沈阳大学环境学院,沈阳110044 [2]污染生态与环境工程重点实验室,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《生态科学》2019年第3期1-8,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(21307084);国家自然科学基金面上项目(21377139; 41571092);沈阳市科学事业费竞争性选择项目(城市生态环境风险管理与修复技术);沈阳市科技局项目(17183900);辽宁省自然科学基金计划重点项目(20170520362)

摘　　要：采用均匀网格布点法采集沈阳市沈北新区不同土地利用类型101个表层(0-20 cm)土壤样品,测定了土壤脲酶活性、土壤理化性质和土壤细菌群落组成,分析了不同利用类型土壤脲酶活性变化特征及其与土壤理化性质、土壤细菌优势菌群之间的关系。土壤酶活力测定结果表明,沈北新区不同利用类型土壤脲酶活性由高到低依次为:旱田>天然林地>城市绿地>水田;相关分析与通径分析结果表明,土壤脲酶活性与土壤含水量呈极显著负相关关系,与总磷呈显著正相关关系,含水量和总磷对土壤脲酶活性的影响除了直接效应外,还存在较强的通过其它因素的间接效应,说明它们是影响土壤脲酶活性的两个主要因素;冗余分析结果表明,放线菌门(Actinomycetes)、泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)对土壤脲酶影响较大,其菌群丰度主要受土壤含水量的调控,且其随土壤含水量的变化特征与土壤脲酶活性变化趋势相一致,提示这些菌群可能是土壤脲酶的重要来源。In order to analyze the change characteristics of soil urease activity in different utilization types of land and their relationship with soil physical and chemical properties and soil dominant bacterial flora, 101 surface (0–20 cm) soil samples of different utilization types of land in Shenyang North New Area were sampled by uniform grid distribution method, and soil urease activity, soil physical and chemical properties and soil bacterial community composition of the collected samples were measured. Results showed that the soil urease activity of different utilization types of soil in Shenyang North New Area ranged in order: dry land > natural forest land > urban green land> paddy soil. The correlation analysis and path analysis showed that soil urease activity had a significant negative correlation with soil water content, and had a positive correlation with total phosphorus. Besides the direct effects on the soil urease activity, the water content and total phosphorus also proved strong indirect effects through other factors, demonstrating that they are two main factors affecting soil ureas activity. The redundancy analysis showed that the soil urease was mainly influenced by Actinomycetes, Crenarchaeota and Acidobacteria. The flora abundance was mainly regulated by soil water content, and its variation influenced by soil water content was consistent with the change trend of soil urease activity, indicating that these bacteria may be important sources of soil urease.

关 键 词：土地利用类型 土壤脲酶 土壤理化性质 土壤细菌群落 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]