基于激光全息法和泰伯效应的光学晶格制作与精确测量实验教学  

Experimental Teaching about Fabrication and Accurate Measurement of Optical Lattice Based on Laser Holography and Talbot Effect

作　　者：梁文耀 谭希超[1] 刘基 王琪 LIANG Wenyao;TAN Xichao;LIU Ji;WANG Qi(School of Physics and Optoelectronics,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;Experimental Center of Physics Teaching,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;School of Electronic and Information Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学物理与光电学院,广州510641 [2]华南理工大学物理教学实验中心,广州510641 [3]华南理工大学电子与信息学院,广州510641

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2019年第6期144-148,193,共6页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11504114);2018年度广东省高等教育教学改革项目(Y111521);广东大学生创新创业教育研究中心项目(2018A030606);华南理工大学虚拟仿真实验教学项目(Y9180360);2018年度学生研究计划(SRP)项目(Y9181010)

摘　　要：多光束全息干涉法在二维、三维光学晶格微结构的制作方面具有大面积、高效灵活、干涉图样多样化等优点,结合激光全息法和实时显示技术设计新型全息实验,用于近代物理实验教学。讨论了激光全息法产生微结构的基本原理和光束配置,在实验中利用CMOS传感器对微结构成像进行实时显示。为克服常规方法难以对观测图样进行准确测量的不足,提出一种新型的基于泰伯效应的标定法来精确测量晶格常数,以同一实验环境产生的已知光栅自成像作为参考,通过标定法得到实验产生的光学微结构的晶格常数,与理论计算非常符合,该方法可推广用于测量更复杂的微结构尺寸。实验无需曝光和显影等步骤,具有形象、方便、高效等优点,实验教学成本低廉。Multi-beam holographic interferometry has advantages of large area,high efficiency and flexibility,and diversified interference patterns in the fabrication of two- and three-dimensional microstructures. The holographic experiment combining with laser holography and real-time display technology is designed for modern physics experiment teaching. Its basic principle and beam configuration are discussed. In the experiment,CMOS sensor is used for real-time display of the microstructure. In order to solve the problem of accurate measure by conventional methods,a new calibration method based on Talbot effect is proposed to measure the lattice constants accurately. Taking the self-image of grating generated under the same experimental environment as a reference,the lattice parameters of optical lattice are obtained by the calibration method,the result is in good agreement with the theoretical calculation. This method can be applied to measure more complicated microstructures. This designed experiment does not require exposure and development steps,and has many advantages such as visualization,convenience,which has high efficiency,and greatly reduces the cost of experiment teaching.

关 键 词：激光全息 微结构 泰伯效应 实时显示 标定法 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]