到底是声明还是道歉——日语公开道歉的研究  

Is It a Statement or an Apology? A Study on Public Apology in Japanese

作　　者：祁福鼎[1] 肖婷婷 Dániel Kádár QI Fuding;XIAO Tingting;Dániel Kádár

机构地区：[1]大连外国语大学公共外语教研部,辽宁大连116044 [2]大连外国语大学日本语学院,辽宁大连116044 [3]大连外国语大学英语学院,辽宁大连116044/匈牙利科学院语言学研究所,匈牙利布达佩斯

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2019年第3期56-66,145,共12页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

基　　金：2019年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“基于日本近代语语料库的‘角色语’历时演变研究”(项目编号:19JA740043);辽宁省教育科学“十三五”规划项目“基于日本近代语语料库的‘角色语’成因研究”(项目编号:JG18DB111);大连外国语大学科研创新团队立项“公示语翻译研究创新团队”(项目编号:2016CXTD07);匈牙利科学院MTA Lendulet计划(LP2017/5)阶段性成果

摘　　要：以往语用学界对于公开道歉的研究主要集中在公众是否接受及两种情况下呈现的不同语用特征上,而对公开道歉与责任之间的关系鲜有研究。本研究以日本社会中存在的公开道歉中责任不明确现象为研究案例,探讨公开道歉与责任归属的关系以及责任不明确公开道歉的元话语评论的语用特点。研究发现,责任归属与公开道歉的公众接受程度密切相关。当不清楚谁应该道歉时,公开道歉被置于可接受—不可接受的二元性之外,因为接受者(即公众)更多关注的是责任的归属问题,而非公开道歉行为是否可以接受。本研究关注的公开道歉与责任的关系问题,为语用学研究提供了新的视角。Previous pragmatic studies on public apology have mainly focused on whether the public accept an apology or not and on its different progmatic features leading to the diffenent outcomes, while little research has been done on instances of public apology when responsibility is unclear. This study investigates the phenomena of ritual public apology in the Japanese culture by devoting special attention to the relationship between public apology and responsibility and to the pragmatic features of metadiscourse comments on ambiguous public apology. The study finds that responsibility attribution is closely related to the acceptability of public apology. So the key issue the recipients ( i. e. the public) are concerned about is not whether an apology should be accepted or not but rather who should have apologized. The focus on relationship between public apology and responsibility anchored in metapragmatics will provide a new perspective for research on pragmatics.

关 键 词：公开道歉 道歉策略 元话语评论 责任归属 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]