慕课教育机会公平的大数据实证分析  

MOOCs and the Equality of Educational Opportunities: An Empirical Analysis Based on the Application of Big Data

作　　者：柴玥[1,2] 杨连生 Chai Yue;Yang Liansheng

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学高等教育研究院,大连116023 [2]大连理工大学人文与社会科学学部

出　　处：《现代大学教育》2019年第3期104-111,F0003,共9页Modern University Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“大学生职业认同发展及其引导策略研究”,项目编号:BIA160139

摘　　要：教育公平是教育改革发展的最终目标,也是教育学研究中最根本的问题,包括教育权利公平与教育机会公平。慕课作为高等教育在线教育的融合形态,具有共享、在线、自主、低廉等特性,其公平性更多集中于权利公平的政策层面;运用大规模开放在线课堂平台、哈佛在线教育等慕课开放大数据对慕课的教育机会公平进行检验,发现慕课在教育机会公平层面呈现极不均等的状态。无论是入学机会、学习过程还是学业成就,都高度倾向于经济发达国家及地区的高学历年轻男性,客观上扩大了教育差距。我国在高等教育信息化建设的新时期,应着力于慕课教育机会公平的改善,可通过资源均衡布局、加强人文社会科学的课程建设、发展先修课程及在线学位、构建课程体系等多种举措使慕课助力终身学习型社会的构建,推进教育公平。Educational equity, which consists of both equal rights to education and equality of educational opportunities, is the ultimate target of educational reform and a key issue in educational research. As a new model of online higher education, MOOCs ( Massive Online Open Courses) are affordable and accessible to the general public, promoting people' s equal rights in the field of education. Nevertheless, through analyzing big data collected from major MOOC platforms, such as Harvard Online Courses, we find that MOOCs in fact have contributed to widening inequality of educational opportunities. Those boys and young men in developed countries and regions have benefited the most from MOOCs, as they are more likely to take online courses and achieve positive results in the end. When promoting the use of information and communication in higher education in China, we should make great efforts to improve the equality of educational opportunities and guarantee educational equity for all, via balancing the distribution of educational resources, providing plenty of courses in humanities and social sciences, and building a comprehensive curriculum package including pro-enrollment courses, etc.

关 键 词：慕课 教育权利公平 教育机会公平 高等教育 大数据 学习机会 学习过程 学业成就 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]