沙枣籽油3种不同提取方法的比较研究  

Comparative study on three different extraction methods of Elaeagnus Angustifolia seed oil

作　　者：兰蓉[1] 危晴[1] 李晔[1] 吴志明[1] 屈晓军 LAN Rong;WEI Qing;LI Ye;WU Zhiming;QU Xiaojun(College of Biological Engineering,Beijing Polytechnic,Beijing 100176)

机构地区：[1]北京电子科技职业学院生物工程学院

出　　处：《食品科技》2019年第5期253-257,共5页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：北京市自然基金项目(2182019);北京电子科技职业学院学术带头人项目(DTR201601);北京电子科技职业学院天然产物研发团队项目(TD201602)

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同的提取方法对沙枣籽油组成、含量和出油率的影响,确定适宜的沙枣籽油提取方法。方法:分别采用超声波提取法、溶剂浸提法、索氏抽提法制取沙枣籽油,经气相-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析鉴定3种提取方法所获油脂的组成和含量异同。结果:3种方法对沙枣籽油脂肪酸组成、含量和出油率均有较大影响。索氏抽提法的出油率最高(26.81%),所获油脂不饱和脂肪酸含量为72.66%;超声提取法出油率(26.69%)居中,与索氏抽提法无显著差异,所获油脂不饱和脂肪酸含量为84.7%;溶剂浸提法出油率最低(25.12%),所获油脂不饱和脂肪酸含量为63.44%。结论:3种方法各有特点,相比之下超声波提取法用时最短,油脂品质最好,更适宜沙枣籽油的提取。Objective: To explore the effects of different extraction methods on the composition, content and oil yield of Elaeagnus Angustifolia seed oil, and determine the appropriate extraction method of Elaeagnus Angustifolia seed oil. Method: Elaeagnus Angustifolia seed oil was prepared by ultrasonic extraction, solvent extraction and soxhlet extraction, respectively. The composition and content of the oil obtained by the three extraction methods were analyzed and identified by GC-MS. Result: The three methods had great influence on the oil yield, fatty acid composition and content of Elaeagnus Angustifolia seed oil. Soxhlet extraction had the highest oil yield(26.81%), and the content of unsaturated fatty acids in the obtained oil was 72.66%. The oil yield of ultrasonic extraction(26.69%) was in the middle, and there was no significant difference with soxhlet extraction, and the content of unsaturated fatty acids was 84.7%. Solvent extraction had the lowest oil yield(25.12%), and the content of unsaturated fatty acids in the obtained oil was 63.44%. Conclusion: The three methods had their own characteristics. Compared with the other two methods, ultrasonic extraction took the shortest time and has the best oil quality, which was more suitable for the extraction of Elaeagnus Angustifolia seed oil.

关 键 词：沙枣籽油 脂肪酸 超声波提取 气相色谱-质谱联用 

分 类 号：TS225.19[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] R284.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]