基于小波包能量谱和延时时间的断路器故障诊断  

Fault Diagnosis of Circuit Breaker Based on Wavelet Packet-energy Spectrum and Delay Time

作　　者：金鑫晨 崔鹤松[2] 武建文[1] 马速良[1] 冯英[1] 袁洋 梁传涛 JIN Xinchen;CUI Hesong;WU Jianwen;MA Suliang;FENG Ying;YUAN Yang;LIANG Chuantao(School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Machinery Industry Beijing Electro-technical Institute of Economics Resaerch,Beijing 100070,China;Shandong Taikai High Voltage Switchgear Co.,Ltd.,Shandong Tai’an 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院,北京100191 [2]机械工业北京电工技术经济研究所,北京100070 [3]山东泰开高压开关有限公司,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《高压电器》2019年第6期38-44,共7页High Voltage Apparatus

摘　　要：在电力系统的运行中,断路器能根据需要灵活的变更运行方式和切断故障。断路器动作如果不可靠就会影响电力系统的正常运行,甚至带来巨大的经济损失。为了检测断路器潜在的机械故障,判断断路器是否能正常使用,文中分析断路器的机械振动信号,提出了一种振动信号的处理方法:将信号进行小波包分析,计算各尺度波形的能量谱;通过互相关函数,计算各类故障工况下,信号相对于正常情况的延时时间。将特征量带入改进型的支持向量机,即特征加权支持向量机(FWSVM)可对断路器进行故障诊断。结果表明,该方法可以有效地分析高压断路器的部分机械故障,对预防断路器故障有实际意义。To detect circuit breaker’s potential mechanical fault and determine whether a circuit breaker can be normally used,the mechanical vibration signal of a circuit breaker is analyzed,and a vibration signal processing methodisput forward.In this method,wavelet packet analysis is applied to the signal to calculatethe energy spectrum of the waveformin every scale,and the cross-correlation function is employed to calculate the delay time of the signal in each faulty condition relative to the signal in normal condition.Adding the characteristic quantities into the modified support vector machine,named feature weighted support vector machine(FWSVM),to perform fault diagnosis of circuit breaker.It is shown that some of the mechanical faults of high-voltage circuit breaker can be effectively analyzed by this method.

关 键 词：断路器 小波包分析 能量谱 延时时间 支持向量机 特征加权 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]