中国民族学人类学本土化、国际化的困境与方向  

Dilemma and Direction of the“ Localization”and“Internationalization”of Ethnology and Anthropology in China

作　　者：哈正利[1] 刘占勇[2] Ha Zhengli;Liu Zhanyong(South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074,Hubei, China;South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074,Hubei, China)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学、学报编辑部,湖北武汉430074 [2]中南民族大学,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《民族学刊》2019年第3期1-4,98-99,共6页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“新时代中国特色社会主义民族理论学科体系建构研究”(18AZD019)阶段性成果

摘　　要：本土化与国际化是中国民族学人类学学科建设中始终无法回避的一个议题,在不同历史时期,中国民族学人类学家对于本土化和国际化都曾有过热烈的探讨。本文在解读不同时期中国民族学人类学本土化和国际化主张的基础上,分析了中国民族学人类学本土化和国际化的学科内外的困境,强调了中国民族学人类学学科建设的局限主要归因于对学科本体缺乏应有的共识。鉴于中国民族学人类学的本土化和国际化从来就是东西方文化交流的产物,我们认为要实现彻底的本土化和国际化,必然依赖真正意义上的、充分的、平等的文化交流。During the 1990 s,the "localization"of ethnology and anthropology in China became a hot topic for scholars at home and abroad.In the process,although Chinese scholars did not use the concept of "localization",in general,they all advocated studying and using Western theories and methods critically,and combining local materials to make theoretical innovations,and establish the discipline as China’s own or as one with Chinese characteristics. This was done so as to make a contribution to the international anthropological community,and move Chinese anthropological research from the periphery to the center of the international academic community. This way of thinking appeared earlier in the 1930’s when the discipline was being formed, and, appeared again in the 1980’s when the discipline was being reconstructed,Foreign scholars harshly criticized the "localization" of anthropology in China. They felt that Chinese anthropology focused only on providing information,and training excellent students,but that the discipline lacked the concepts,theories,methods,viewpoints,i. e. topics of common concern that provided universal commonality. Nonetheless,foreign scholars admitted that anthropology in China had made certain achievements,and formed its own characteristics,and they were,in fact,full of expectations for the future development of anthropology in China. However,during the 1990 s,on the basis of the discussions and ideas formed during the 1930 s and 1980 s,the marginalization of Chinese anthropology still remained unchanged,which can be seen from the arguments repeated by many domestic anthropologists at that time. Based on this,this article believes that even after tenyears of reconstruction of the discipline,an academic foundation for the discussion of the localization of anthropology in China is still lacking. The discussion of the "localization " of anthropology should be based on the practical facts of China,and should be carried out with selfreflection on the construction of the discipline based upon the pe

关 键 词：中国人类学 学科建设 本土化 国际化 

分 类 号：C912.4[经济管理]