学术精英国际流动的影响因素:历史数据的实证探索  

An Empirical Study on Factors that Influence International Mobility of Academic Elite

作　　者：宋旭璞[1] 潘奇[2] SONG Xupu;PAN Qi(Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai University of Finance Economics, Shanghai, 200433,China;Institute of Non-Governmental Education, Shanghai Academy of Educational Sciences, Shanghai, 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学高等教育研究所,上海200433 [2]上海市教育科学研究院民办教育研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2019年第5期27-38,共12页Global Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“高校青年教师学术行为模式与科研资助政策配套研究”(项目编号:14YJC880062)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：教育、工作及职业发展状况等构成的专业因素持续稳定地引导了学术精英国际流动的发生、趋势及特点。在对19世纪2 250位自然科学领域科学家进行群体传记研究的基础上,设置国别、学科、大学教育、大学工作、国内流动、出国学习、出国工作等变量,通过对各专业因素与出国工作相关性及相依程度的单因素ANOVA及对数线性模型检验后发现,科学知识发展趋势、国家科学水平、大学人才培养机制、学术工作岗位等因素显著影响到学术精英的国际流动,并且证明了学术精英出国工作决策中"流动因子"的存在,这些检验结果可以为制定各种人才政策提供相关依据。The professional factors that consist of education,job and career development constantly and steadily direct the occurrences,trends and characteristics of academic elite’s international mobility. On the basis of group biographical study on 2250 natural scientists in the 19th century, this study, through a set of variables of nation, discipline, higher education, college position, domestic mobility, study abroad and working abroad, finds that the tendency of scientific knowledge development, national science level, university training system, academic job positions significantly influence academic elite’s international mobility and proves the existence of "mobility determiner" in the behavior of academic elite’s working abroad, all of which lend some support to talent-related policy making.

关 键 词：专业因素 学术精英 国际流动 

分 类 号：G648.9[文化科学—高等教育学]