甲基叔丁基醚的水质基准阈值和生态风险评估  

STUDY ON WATER QUALITY CRITERIA AND ECOLOGICAL RISK OF METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER

作　　者：闫振飞 陈季康 赵鑫[1] 刘大庆 冯承莲[1] YAN Zhen-fei;CHEN Ji-kang;ZHAO Xin;LIU Da-qing;FENG Cheng-lian(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012, China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室

出　　处：《环境工程》2019年第6期170-176,共7页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07301005-001)

摘　　要：基于甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)对水生生物的急性毒性和慢性毒性数据,推导了MTBE的淡水水生生物的水质基准阈值。结合我国典型区域地表水以及加油站附近水体MTBE的暴露浓度,对MTBE的生态风险进行评估。结果表明:用评价因子法推导的MTBE水质基准阈值为23. 6 mg/L,用物种敏感度分布法推导的MTBE短期水质基准和长期水质基准分别为138. 06,0. 25 mg/L,2种方法推导的基准值有显著差异,最终选用物种敏感度分布法推导的基准作为淡水水生生物水质基准推荐值。另外,采用商值法和联合概率分布法对MTBE的生态风险进行评估,结果发现,我国地表水中MTBE在短期暴露下不会对水生生物生存生长产生风险,但在低剂量长期暴露下,MTBE会对我国部分区域的水生生物的繁殖存在潜在风险。Based on the acute toxicity and chronic toxicity data of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) to aquatic organisms, the water quality criteria of MTBE to freshwater aquatic organisms were derived. Combined with the exposure concentration of MTBE in the surface water of China’s typical areas and the water body near the gas stations, the ecological risk of MTBE was evaluated. The results showed that: the threshold value of water quality criterion of MTBE derived by the evaluation factor method was 23.6 mg/L, the short-term and the long-term water quality criteria of MTBE derived by the species sensitivity distribution method were 138.06 mg/L, 0.25 mg/L, respectively;the reference values derived by the two methods were significantly different, and finally, the reference value derived by species sensitivity distribution method was recommended. In addition, the ecological risk of MTBE was evaluated by use of the quotient value method and the combined probability distribution method, and it was found that the MTBE in surface water posed little risk to aquatic organisms for their survival and growth under short-term exposure, while MTBE would have a potential risk to the some aquatic organisms for their reproduction under long-term low-dose exposure in some areas of China.

关 键 词：甲基叔丁基醚 水质基准 生态风险 联合概率分布法 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X826