基于计算流体动力学的海上气体扩散安全评价  

Safety Evaluation of Offshore Gas Diffusion Based on CFD

作　　者：杨政龙[1,2] 余建星 李志刚[1,3,4] 吴朝晖 黄福祥[3] 陈海成[1,2] 余杨 YANG Zhenglong;YU Jianxing;LI Zhigang;WU Zhaohui;HUANG Fuxiang;CHEN Haicheng;YU Yang(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep Sea Exploration,Shanghai 200240,China;Offshore Oil Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300451,China;CNOOC Research Institute,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]高新船舶与深海开发装备协同创新中心,上海200240 [3]海洋石油工程股份有限公司,天津300451 [4]中海油研究总院,北京100028

出　　处：《中国海洋平台》2019年第3期61-70,共10页China offshore Platform

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2014CB046804);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51239008);国家科技重大专项资助项目(2016ZX05028005-004);工信部海洋工程装备科研资助项目(E-0815C003)

摘　　要：采用计算流体动力学软件Fluent建立气体扩散模型,对Burro系列试验进行模拟计算,对比分析不同距离监测点体积分数(后文称浓度)最大值以及浓度范围随时间的变化趋势,结果表明模拟值与试验值基本吻合,模型结果略偏保守。利用验证的CFD模型方法对海上气体泄漏扩散事故实例进行船周气体浓度分布研究,分析不同泄漏强度、风速下抢险船安全作业距离,研究表明:浮力和船体阻碍可影响船周气体浓度分布;抢险作业安全距离随泄漏速度的增大而增大,随风速的增大而减小,且受泄漏速度与风速的联合影响。该模型可为海上气体泄漏扩散应急抢险作业安全指导提供参考。A gas diffusion model is established using computational fluid dynamics(CFD)software Fluent,and the Burro series experiments are simulated by this method.The analysis on maximum concentration of monitoring points at different distances and tendency of concentration changing with time is conducted,which indicates a consistency between simulations and experiments while a conservative result from simulating.A study on the distribution of the gas concentration around the vessel in a gas leakage accident is conducted using the verfied CFD method and the safety operation distance of the ship under different leakage intensities and wind speeds is analyzed.Results suggest that the distribution of gas be affected by the buoyancy and hull obstruction.The safety distance of the emergency operation is influenced by the combined effect of the leakage rate and wind speed,larger with the increase of the leakage rate while with opposite effect of wind speed.The model can provide a reference for the safety guidance of emergency operation of offshore gas leakage and diffusion.

关 键 词：计算流体动力学 气体泄漏 扩散模型 风险评估 应急抢险 

分 类 号：TE58[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]