利用麦秸秆基质驯化栽培中国美味蘑菇  

Domestication and cultivation of Agaricus sinodeliciosus using wheat straw substrate

作　　者：徐珍[1] 李国贤[2] 张美彦[1] 章炉军[1] 王瑞娟[1] 宋春艳[1] 谭琦[1] 尚晓冬[1] XU Zhen;LI Guo-xian;ZHANG Mei-yan;ZHANG Lu-jun;WANG Rui-juan;SONG Chun-yan;TAN Qi;SHANG Xiao-dong(Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding,Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization(South),Ministry ofAgriculture,P.R.China,National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,Shanghai 201403,China;Agro-Technology Extension Center of Fengxian District,Shanghai 201400,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海市农业遗传育种重点开放实验室,农业部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室,国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,上海201403 [2]上海市奉贤区农业技术推广中心,上海201400

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2019年第3期80-84,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市农业委员会现代农业产业技术体系[沪农科产字(2017)第9-01号,沪农科产字(2017)第9-03号];上海市农业委员会青年人才成长计划[沪农青年(2016)第1-27号,沪农青年(2016)第1-28号]

摘　　要：利用麦秸秆基质对野生中国美味蘑菇(Agaricus sinodeliciosus)进行驯化、栽培,研究生长阶段中菌丝、原基和子实体的生物学特性,并将供试菌株rDNAITS区域序列进行扩增、在NCBI数据库中进行比对。结果表明:供试菌株的菌丝白色、细绒毛状,生长速度为(1.6±0.2)mmd;子实体乳白色,伤后呈红棕色,菌盖表面局部覆有浅棕色细鳞片;随着子实体的成熟,菌褶颜色由肉粉到红棕、棕色,最后呈深褐色,孢子印为深褐色;单菇重40—70g,生长周期50—55d;ITS序列比对显示供试菌株与中国美味蘑菇的同源性为100%。In this study,wheat straw substrate had been successfully used in the domestication and cultivation of wild Agaricus sinodeliciosus.The biological characteristics of mycelia,primordia and fruit bodies were studied.The rDNA-ITS sequences of the tested strain were amplified and sequences aligned on NCBI data base.The results showed that the tested strain mycelia were white and fluffy,the mycelia growth rate was(1.6±0.2)mm d.The fruit bodies were milky and exhibited reddish-brown when bruised.The pileus surface was covered with fine light-brown squamule.During the period of the fruit bodies’maturation,the lamellae were pink at first,then reddish-brown,then brown,finally dark-brown.The spores were dark-brown.Single fruit body weight was 40-70 g and the growth period was 50-55 d.ITS sequence alignment showed that the homology between the tested strain and Agaricus sinodeliciosus was 100%.

关 键 词：中国美味蘑菇 驯化 人工栽培 麦秸秆 

分 类 号：S[农业科学]