砖茶氟含量调查研究  

Investigation on fluoride content of brick tea

作　　者：郭宝峰 李程程[2] 梁丽娜[3] 王伟[1] 于光前[1] Guo Baofeng;Li Chengcheng;Liang Lina;Wang Wei;Yu Guangqian(Institute of Endemic Fluorosis,Center for Endemic Disease Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081,China;Institute of Environmental Health,Dalian Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Dalian 160001,China;Department of Chronic Diseases,Xianning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xianning 437000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学中国疾病预防控制中心地方病控制中心地氟病防治研究所,150081 [2]大连市疾病预防控制中心环境卫生所,160001 [3]湖北省咸宁市疾病预防控制中心慢病科,437000

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2019年第6期467-471,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解我国砖茶(紧压茶)氟含量状况,根据病区居民饮茶情况,进行健康风险评价。方法选取20家国家定点砖茶生产厂家,采集每个厂家生产量大和销售量大的主流砖茶1~5个品种,若生产低氟砖茶,则额外采集1份,测定茶氟含量。采用回顾性分析方法,收集2017年全国饮茶型氟中毒监测数据,分析内蒙古、四川、甘肃、宁夏、新疆、青海6个省(区)饮茶型氟中毒病区县的居民砖茶使用情况。根据砖茶氟含量,结合饮茶型氟中毒病区人群砖茶日均消耗量数据,计算出病区人群的日均砖茶摄氟量,以及日均砖茶摄氟量与标准推荐氟摄入量的危险商。依据危险商数值,进行健康风险评价(危险商> 1表示存在健康风险)。通过我国人群总摄氟量标准,利用危险商的数值,模拟计算出不同含氟量砖茶的安全消费量。茶氟测定采用离子选择电极法。结果共采集54份样品,其中砖茶样品49份,低氟砖茶样品5份。49份砖茶样品氟含量几何均数为460 mg/kg,中位数为430 mg/kg,范围为102~1 797 mg/kg。有14份样品氟含量< 300 mg/kg,占28.6%。5份低氟砖茶氟含量的平均值为193 mg/kg,范围为102~290 mg/kg。49份砖茶样品分布在5个省份,不同省份间砖茶氟含量,云南最低,几何均数为128 mg/kg;湖北省最高,几何均数为712 mg/kg。不同品种间砖茶氟含量,沱茶氟含量最低,几何均数为130 mg/kg;金尖茶最高,为745 mg/kg。6个省份饮茶型氟中毒病区的1 000户饮用砖茶家庭,有73.9%(739/1 000)的家庭饮用国家定点砖茶生产厂家的产品,共采集1 000份砖茶样品,砖茶氟含量的几何均数为551 mg/kg,仅有17.5%(175/1 000)的砖茶氟含量< 300 mg/kg。分别与国家标准和世界卫生组织标准比较,农业、牧业、半牧业、城镇居民通过砖茶摄氟的危险商分别为0.34、1.38、0.75、0.21,0.29、1.21、0.66、0.19,其中牧业人群饮用砖茶存在健康风险。根据我国人群总摄氟量卫生标�Objective To understand the status of fluoride content in brick tea (pressed tea) in China,and conduct health risk assessment according to the situation of drinking brick tea in fluorosis areas.Methods Twenty national designated brick tea manufacturers were selected to collect 1-5 varieties of brick tea samples of mainstream varieties with large production volume and large sales volume.If low-fluoride brick tea was produced,an additional sample would be collected to determine the fluoride content of tea.The retrospective analysis method was used to collect the monitoring data of brick tea-type fluorosis in the whole country in 2017,and analyze the use of brick tea in the residents of the brick tea-type fluorosis areas in six provinces (regions) of Inner Mongolia,Sichuan,Gansu,Ningxia,Xinjiang and Qinghai.According to the fluoride content of brick tea,combined with daily average consumption data of brick tea in the brick tea-type fluorosis areas,daily average brick tea intake,and hazard quotient of the daily average brick tea fluoride and the standard recommended fluoride intake were calculated.A health risk assessment was conducted based on the hazard quotient (hazard quotient > 1 indicated a health risk).Through the total fluoride intake standard of the Chinese population,the safe consumption of brick tea with different fluoride content was simulated by using the value of the hazard quotient.The tea fluoride was measured by an ion selective electrode method.Results A total of 54 samples were collected,of which 49 were brick tea samples and 5 were low-fluoride brick tea samples.The geometric mean of the fluoride content of 49 brick tea samples was 460 mg/kg,the median was 430 mg/kg,and the range was 102-1 797 mg/kg.There were 14 samples with a fluoride content < 300 mg/kg,accounting for 28.6%.The average fluoride content of 5 low-fluoride brick teasampleswas 193 mg/kg,ranging from 102 to 290 mg/kg.Forty-nine brick tea samples were distributed in 5 provinces,the fluoride content of brick tea was the lowest in Yunn

关 键 词：砖茶 氟化物 氟中毒 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]