微生物絮体替代鱼粉和大豆浓缩蛋白对基围虾生长性能的影响  

Effects of microbial floc substitute the fish meal and soy protein concentrate in Jinga shrimp

作　　者：杨萌 刘亚敏 陈玉峰[1] 常春石 郝卓莉[1] YANG Meng;LIU Yamin;CHEN Yufeng;CHANG Chunshi;HAO Zhuoli(Shijiazhuang Vocational Technology Lnstitute,Shijiazhuang,Hebei Province 050081,China;Shijiazhuang Economic and Technological Development Zone Wastewater Treatment Plant,Shijiazhuang,Hebei Province 052160,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄职业技术学院,河北石家庄050081 [2]石家庄经济技术开发区污水处理厂,河北石家庄052160

出　　处：《中国饲料》2019年第12期72-75,共4页China Feed

基　　金：教育部在线教育研究基金(全通教育)重点课题:不同学科背景下混合式教学模式实践研究子课题“生物技术在食品安全检测中的运用分析”(ZXJYKTY659)

摘　　要：悬浮生长生物反应器生产的微生物絮体可以为虾产业提供一种新的饲料原料。本研究以养鱼后的废水和糖为生长介质,在反应器中制备微生物絮体。将微生物絮体作为基围虾的日粮原料经过35d的饲养试验,比较2种对照日粮(无微生物絮体)与3种处理组日粮(含微生物絮体)对基围虾生产性能的影响。对照1和微生物絮体日粮(日粮1~3)粗蛋白质、总脂肪、粗纤维、钙、镁、磷、钾和钠的水平相当。对照1和对照2不含微生物絮凝体,在大豆油、虾粉和矿物质盐水平上略有不同。对于日粮1(微生物絮体7.8%)和日粮2(微生物絮体15.6%)以蛋白为基础的大豆浓缩蛋白替换为以干物质为基础的微生物絮体,其水平分别为7.8和15.6%。日粮3用微生物絮体7.8%和鱼油0.50%(微生物絮体+鱼油)代替鱼粉。每个饲喂箱饲养4只基围虾,在35d的饲养试验中,每组10个重复。各组基围虾的最终存活率(93%~100%)无显著差异(P>0.05)。对照1、2组、日粮1~3每周体重增重分别为1.09,0.88,1.64,1.61,1.63g。3种含有微生物絮体的日粮组总增重为8.07~8.18g,3种微生物絮体组每周增重均显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:日粮添加微生物絮体使基围虾的生长提高了1800%,而对照饲料中虾的体重变化约为1100%。此外,添加7.8%的微生物絮体足以在本试验条件下提供这种未知的营养因素。Microbial flocs(MF)produced in suspended growth bioreactors could offer the shrimp industry a novel alternative feed. In this experiment,MF was produced in sequencing batch reactors using effluent and sugar as a growth media. These MF was tested as an ingredient for shrimp feed over a 35 day feeding trial. Two control diets(absent of MF) were compared against three dietary treatments(MF inclusion). Control 1 and MF diets(diets 1 ~ 3)were formulated to be equivalent for levels of crude protein,total fat,crude fiber,calcium,magnesium,phosphorus,potassium,and sodium. Controls 1 and 2 did not contain MF and differed slightly from each other in soybean oil,krill meal,and mineral/salt levels. For diet 1(MF 7.8%)and diet 2(MF 15.6%), soybean protein isolate on a protein basis was replaced with MF at a 7.8 and 15.6% inclusion level on a dry matter basis. For diet 3,fishmeal was replaced with MF at 7.8% and fish oil at 0.50%(MF 7.8%+fish oil). Four Jinga shrimp were stocked per tank and each dietary treatment was tested in 12 replicates over a 35 day feeding trial. No differences were observed between final survival rates(93 to 100%)between all of the dietary treatments(P > 0.05). Growth(weight gain per week)for control 1,control 2,diet 1,diet 2,and diet 3 were respectively 1.09, 0.88, 1.64, 1.61, 1.63 g/week. The total gain in weight for the three diets containing MF of 8.07 to 8.18 g in five weeks with an initial weight of 0.44g is truly exceptional. Each of the three MF diets significantly(P < 0.05)outperformed each control in terms of weight gain per week with no differences in survival(P > 0.05). Microbial floc inclusion significantly enhanced shrimp growth of over 1800% for the experimental diets versus about 1100% change in weight for the control. Addition of dried microbial flocs into a feed is also a novel approach,this technique can also be adapted by the shrimp industry and could be especially important for inland industries that would like to implement clear water recirculating aquaculture systems.

关 键 词：微生物絮体 基围虾 生长性能 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]